'What is more familiar than I? Self, other and familiarity in schizophrenia

Ameller, Aurély; Dereux, Antoine; Dubertret, Caroline; Vaïva, Guillaume; Thomas, Pierre; Pins, Delphine

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.12.007

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The first stage of the disorder was captured by the FD− patients, who showed a global decrease in the feeling of familiarity as measured by their lower SCR amplitudes than those of the controls; however, the FD− patients still maintained differences in emotional feeling depending on the familiarity status. Thus, during this stage, the patients may have emotional disturbances, such as emotional flattering ( 30 ), as shown by the decreased SCR in people with schizophrenia without FDs, which may lead to a “weird” feeling in the presence others. Based on our results, we hypothesize that the lower feeling of familiarity in patients with schizophrenia may be a premise enabling the emergence of FDs as proposed by Coltheart et al ( 31 ) in his two-step delusional models that explain the emergence of delusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, from the phenomenological perspective, these disturbances could result in the emergence of schizophrenia ( 34 ). In a previous SCR study involving schizophrenic patients that did not consider FD ( 30 ), we used an equivalent paradigm with specific familiar, self and unknown faces. The people with schizophrenia exhibited the same familiarity in response to the self-face as that in response to the specific familiar faces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implicit Recognition of Familiar and Unfamiliar Faces in Schizophrenia: A Study of the Skin Conductance Response in Familiarity Disorders

Ameller

D’Hondt

et al. 2017

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectiveFamiliarity is a subjective sensation that contributes to person recognition. This process is described as an emotion-based memory-trace of previous meetings and could be disrupted in schizophrenia. Consequently, familiarity disorders could be involved in the impaired social interactions observed in patients with schizophrenia. Previous studies have primarily focused on famous people recognition. Our aim was to identify underlying features, such as emotional disturbances, that may contribute to familiarity disorders in schizophrenia. We hypothesize that patients with familiarity disorders will exhibit a lack of familiarity that could be detected by a flattened skin conductance response (SCR).MethodThe SCR was recorded to test the hypothesis that emotional reactivity disturbances occur in patients with schizophrenia during the categorization of specific familiar, famous and unknown faces as male or female. Forty-eight subjects were divided into the following 3 matched groups with 16 subjects per group: control subjects, schizophrenic people with familiarity disorder, and schizophrenic people without familiarity disorders.ResultsEmotional arousal is reflected by the skin conductance measures. The control subjects and the patients without familiarity disorders experienced a differential emotional response to the specific familiar faces compared with that to the unknown faces. Nevertheless, overall, the schizophrenic patients without familiarity disorders showed a weaker response across conditions compared with the control subjects. In contrast, the patients with familiarity disorders did not show any significant differences in their emotional response to the faces, regardless of the condition.ConclusionOnly patients with familiarity disorders fail to exhibit a difference in emotional response between familiar and non-familiar faces. These patients likely emotionally process familiar faces similarly to unknown faces. Hence, the lower feelings of familiarity in schizophrenia may be a premise enabling the emergence of familiarity disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit Recognition of Familiar and Unfamiliar Faces in Schizophrenia: A Study of the Skin Conductance Response in Familiarity Disorders

Ameller

D’Hondt

et al. 2017

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Besides the here described potential justifications, according to the present results it could be possible that even the mere exposure to the Other's face induced the patients' specific malleability of the Other-Other boundary. This consideration acquires a crucial importance to better delineate the psychopathological side of this effect, also considering the well-demonstrated familiarity alteration among schizophrenia patients (Ameller et al, 2015(Ameller et al, , 2017Horn et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, even if probably affected by task design (Lee et al, 2007), evidence suggests anomalies in face processing in schizophrenia, including one's own self and others' faces recognition, self-other distinction and impairment in emotional facial expressions processing (Ameller et al, 2015;Bortolon et al, 2015;Chan et al, 2010;Maher et al, 2016;Yun et al, 2014). Furthermore, a distinctive clinical sign of schizophrenia is represented by the so-called Mirror-related phenomena, (Parnas et al, 2005), that has been experimentally assessed in a study showing how, by means of mirror gazing test, apparitions of strangefaces in the mirror were significantly more intense in patients with schizophrenia than in controls (Bortolon et al, 2017;Caputo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared multisensory experience affects Others' boundary: The enfacement illusion in schizophrenia

Ferroni

Ardizzi

Sestito

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research

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Schizophrenia has been described as a psychiatric condition characterized by deficits in one's own and others' face recognition, as well as by a disturbed sense of body-ownership. To date, no study has integrated these two lines of research with the aim of investigating Enfacement Illusion (EI) proneness in schizophrenia. To accomplish this goal, the classic EI protocol was adapted to test the potential plasticity of both Self-Other and Other-Other boundaries. Results showed that EI induced the expected malleability of Self-Other boundary among both controls and patients. Interestingly, for the first time, the present study demonstrates that also the Other-Other boundary was influenced by EI. Furthermore, comparing the two groups, the malleability of the Other-Other boundary showed an opposite modulation. These results suggest that, instead of greater Self-Other boundary plasticity, a qualitative difference can be detected between schizophrenia patients and controls in the malleability of the Other-Other boundary. The present study points out a totally new aspect about body-illusions and schizophrenia disorder, demonstrating that EI is not only confined to self-sphere but it also affects the way we discriminate others, representing a potential crucial aspect in the social domain.

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“…This ability is notably essential to establish appropriate social interactions (Antonius et al, 2013). Indeed, familiarity disorders have been described as a failure of affective judgment capable of strongly impacting social interactions (Ameller et al 2015). They are notably present in some delusional disorders, such as Capgras syndrome (Capgras and Reboul-Lachaux, 1923) in which patients hold a delusion that an impostor has replaced a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member, or in Fregoli syndrome (Courbon and Fail, 1927) which is the delusional belief that one or more familiar persons, usually persecutors following the patient, repeatedly change their appearances (Klein and Hirachan, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Categorical perception of familiarity: Evidence for a hyper-familiarity in schizophrenia

Hörn

D’Hondt

Vaïva

et al. 2015

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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'What is more familiar than I? Self, other and familiarity in schizophrenia

Cited by 8 publications

References 54 publications

Implicit Recognition of Familiar and Unfamiliar Faces in Schizophrenia: A Study of the Skin Conductance Response in Familiarity Disorders

Implicit Recognition of Familiar and Unfamiliar Faces in Schizophrenia: A Study of the Skin Conductance Response in Familiarity Disorders

Shared multisensory experience affects Others' boundary: The enfacement illusion in schizophrenia

Categorical perception of familiarity: Evidence for a hyper-familiarity in schizophrenia

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