What is new in gastrointestinal cancer prevention - a review of the literature 2009-2010

Klusek, Justyna; Głuszek, Stanisław; Kozieł, Dorota

doi:10.5114/pg.2011.21717

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The prognosis for gastric cancer patients is poor in most industrialized countries, with a 5-year survival rate of only 10%. Gastric cancer is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage with limited curative options [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum leptin levels in gastric cancer patients and the relationship with insulin resistance

Beğenik¹,

Aslan²,

Dülger³

et al. 2015

aoms

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IntroductionSerum leptin levels have been examined in various cancers, with conflicting results. However, there is limited information regarding serum leptin levels and insulin resistance in gastric cancer patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate serum leptin levels, performance status, insulin levels and insulin resistance in patients with gastric cancer. In addition, we examined the relationship between these measurements and leptin levels.Material and methodsThirty-nine patients with gastric cancer and 30 control subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum leptin, total protein, albumin, growth hormone, insulin and glucose levels were measured. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used to assess insulin resistance.ResultsSerum levels of insulin, glucose and growth hormone and insulin resistance were significantly lower in gastric cancer patients than controls (p < 0.05 for all). In the Pearson correlation analysis, insulin resistance was found to be significantly correlated with serum leptin levels in gastric cancer patients (r = 0.320, p = 0.047). We observed a significant negative correlation between performance status and insulin resistance in patients with cachexia (r = –0.512, p = 0.030), while no association was found in non-cachectic patients.ConclusionsWe concluded that serum leptin levels are significantly lower in gastric cancer patients. In addition, gastric cancer patients have decreases in insulin levels, insulin resistance and growth hormone levels. This study found a positive association between serum leptin levels and insulin resistance. Moreover, there is a negative association between serum leptin levels and growth hormone levels. Thus, low insulin and growth hormone levels may suppress the production of leptin in gastric cancer patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum leptin levels in gastric cancer patients and the relationship with insulin resistance

Beğenik¹,

Aslan²,

Dülger³

et al. 2015

aoms

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“…According to Lauren's classification, diffuse type gastric cancer is characterised by poorly differentiated cells and no glandular structures. In this case, a major risk factor is also H. pylori infection [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of tumour microenvironment in gastric cancer angiogenesis

Brzozowa

Michalski

Harabin-Słowińska

et al. 2014

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Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. More than 95% of gastric cancers are adenocarcinomas originating from the glandular epithelium of the stomach lining. Unfortunately, a large number of patients are diagnosed when the tumour is at unresectable stage. Therefore, it is very important to understand the mechanisms involved in gastric cancer pathogenesis. One of them is angiogenesis, which means the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature. This process is dependent on interactions between the tumour and surrounding stromal cells which create the tumour microenvironment. Moreover, both tumour and stromal cells release a wide array of angiogenic factors that have an influence on endothelial cell recruitment and thus affect the process of angiogenesis. In this paper we discuss the role of tumour microenvironment in gastric cancer angiogenesis.

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“…Helicobacter pylori infection is an important factor increasing the risk of gastric cancer. There is a strong emphasis on the role of eradication of these infections in the prevention of gastric cancer [2]. Lymph node metastasis is one of the important indicators affecting the prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the ratio of metastatic to examined lymph nodes (N ratio) be used as an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer? Is the hypothetical TRM (tumor-ratio-metastasis) staging system an alternative to the TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) staging system?

İlhan¹,

Zengel²,

Şimşek³

et al. 2013

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K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s: : gastric cancer, ratio, hypothetical TRM staging.A Ad dd dr re es ss s f fo or r c co or rr re es sp po on nd de en nc ce e: : Dr Enver Ilhan, Department of Surgery, Izmir Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Esentepe Mah. 49 sokak no 8 Daire 22, Karabaǧlar, 35350 Izmir, Turkey, phone: +905322539565, fax: +902322614444, e-mail: enverhan60@gmail.com Original paper AbstractA Ai im m: : Lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. However, lymph node classification is controversial. We reported the prognostic factors of gastric cancer and the impact of N ratio classification in predicting prognosis and the suitability of TRM classification as an alternative to TNM(tumor-node-metastasis) classification for lymph nodes to avoid stage migration in gastric cancer. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d m me et th ho od ds s: : A total of 90 patients, who underwent R0 resection for gastric cancer, were analyzed. Independent variables of the study were age, gender, tumor site, type of surgery, lymph node dissection, tumor size, T stage, differentiation, total number of removed lymph nodes, number of metastatic lymph nodes, N ratio, N stage, and TNM stage. N ratio was used instead of N stage in the hypothetical TRM staging system. Dependent variables of the study were 2-year and 5-year survival rates. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : The N ratio cutoff points were 0, 0.10, and 0.25. The 2-year and 5-year survival rates were significantly higher in patients who had low T stages (p < 0.001, p < 0.001), N stages (p < 0.001, p < 0.001), N ratio (p < 0.001, p < 0.001), TNM stages (p < 0.001, p < 0.001), and underwent subtotal gastrectomy (p = 0.006, p = 0.030). When the TNM stages of the patients according to the UICC/AJCC TNM sixth and seventh edition staging system were compared to theTRM hypothetical staging system, stage migration phenomenon was observed at 36.6% and 8.8%, respectively. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on ns s: : N ratio classification can be used as an independent prognostic factor. The use of TRM hypothetical staging system for minimizing stage migration phenomenon requires further discussion.

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What is new in gastrointestinal cancer prevention - a review of the literature 2009-2010

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Serum leptin levels in gastric cancer patients and the relationship with insulin resistance

Serum leptin levels in gastric cancer patients and the relationship with insulin resistance

The role of tumour microenvironment in gastric cancer angiogenesis

Can the ratio of metastatic to examined lymph nodes (N ratio) be used as an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer? Is the hypothetical TRM (tumor-ratio-metastasis) staging system an alternative to the TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) staging system?

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