2019
DOI: 10.3390/proteomes7030029
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What is Normalization? The Strategies Employed in Top-Down and Bottom-Up Proteome Analysis Workflows

Abstract: The accurate quantification of changes in the abundance of proteins is one of the main applications of proteomics. The maintenance of accuracy can be affected by bias and error that can occur at many points in the experimental process, and normalization strategies are crucial to attempt to overcome this bias and return the sample to its regular biological condition, or normal state. Much work has been published on performing normalization on data post-acquisition with many algorithms and statistical processes … Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…3c,d ). As protein composition of nasopharyngeal samples may vary between individuals, cytokine measurements were normalized to total protein concentrations 19 . We assessed whether changes in total protein or mucus content might account for the observed differences in nasopharyngeal cytokines.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3c,d ). As protein composition of nasopharyngeal samples may vary between individuals, cytokine measurements were normalized to total protein concentrations 19 . We assessed whether changes in total protein or mucus content might account for the observed differences in nasopharyngeal cytokines.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Before the analysis, the total protein concentration was quantified as 3.56 ± 0.24 mg/g wet weight (± SE) for dormant cells and 6.01 ± 0.14 mg/g wet weight (± SE) for active cells. An equal amount of the total proteins was used for further trypsinolysis and LC-MS/MS profiling (19). LC-MS profiling resulted in the detection of 1379 proteins (whose encoding genes Rv were further used as identifiers), covering 35% of the coding M. tuberculosis H37Rv genome.…”
Section: Dormant Mycobacterial Cells Subjected To the Proteomic Analysis And The Results Of Proteomic Profilingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Before the analysis, the total protein concentration was quantified and an equal amount of protein extracts was used for further trypsinolysis and profiling – pre-instrumental normalization on total protein concentration was carried out (19). To make the profiles comparable for the subsequent statistical analysis, post-instrumental pre-treatment methods were carried out: to deal with heteroscedasticity and to make skewed distributions symmetric, log 2 transformation was performed.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The normalization methods are evaluated in terms of their ability to reduce variation between technical replicates. Although all these methods can reduce the systematic bias to some extent, each approach has its own advantages and disadvantages (33)(34)(35). Therefore, the selection of the normalization…”
Section: B Ms Parametersmentioning
confidence: 99%