What is rheology?

Wilson, D.I.

doi:10.1038/eye.2017.267

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Rheology is the science used to describe and evaluate the flow and deformation behaviour of matter or materials (105). Rheological measurements have been used to provide valuable information on the viscosity, network structure and molecular interactions of food systems (106)(107)(108).…”

Section: Rheological Characteristics Of Encapsulated Flavour Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavour encapsulation: A comparative analysis of relevant techniques, physiochemical characterisation, stability, and food applications

et al. 2023

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Flavour is an important component that impacts the quality and acceptability of new functional foods. However, most flavour substances are low molecular mass volatile compounds, and direct handling and control during processing and storage are made difficult due to susceptibility to evaporation, and poor stability in the presence of air, light, moisture and heat. Encapsulation in the form of micro and nano technology has been used to address this challenge, thereby promoting easier handling during processing and storage. Improved stability is achieved by trapping the active or core flavour substances in matrices that are referred to as wall or carrier materials. The latter serve as physical barriers that protect the flavour substances, and the interactions between carrier materials and flavour substances has been the focus of many studies. Moreover, recent evidence also suggests that enhanced bioavailability of flavour substances and their targeted delivery can be achieved by nanoencapsulation compared to microencapsulation due to smaller particle or droplet sizes. The objective of this paper is to review several relevant aspects of physical–mechanical and physicochemical techniques employed to stabilize flavour substances by encapsulation. A comparative analysis of the physiochemical characterization of encapsulates (particle size, surface morphology and rheology) and the main factors that impact the stability of encapsulated flavour substances will also be presented. Food applications as well as opportunities for future research are also highlighted.

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Section: Rheological Characteristics Of Encapsulated Flavour Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavour encapsulation: A comparative analysis of relevant techniques, physiochemical characterisation, stability, and food applications

et al. 2023

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“…Rheology, which is defined by Eugene Bingham, is the study of the flow and deformation of materials under applied forces (Dawn and Kumari., 2018;Wilson, 2018). The rheology of hydrogels is measured by a rheometer.…”

Section: Physicochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Hydrogels in Premature Ovarian Failure and Intrauterine Adhesion

Zhang

Ding²,

Duan³

et al. 2022

Front. Mater.

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Premature ovarian failure (POF) and intrauterine adhesion (IUA) that easily lead to reduced fertility in premenopausal women are two difficult diseases to treat in obstetrics and gynecology. Hormone therapy, in vitro fertilization and surgical treatments do not completely restore fertility. The advent of hydrogels offers new hope for the treatment of POF and IUA. Hydrogels are noncytotoxic and biodegradable, and do not cause immune rejection or inflammatory reactions. Drug delivery and stem cell delivery are the main application forms. Hydrogels are a local drug delivery reservoir, and the control of drug release is achieved by changing the physicochemical properties. The porous properties and stable three-dimensional structure of hydrogels support stem cell growth and functions. In addition, hydrogels are promising biomaterials for increasing the success rate of ovarian tissue transplantation. Hydrogel-based in vitro three-dimensional culture of follicles drives the development of artificial ovaries. Hydrogels form a barrier at the site of injury and have antibacterial, antiadhesive and antistenosis properties for IUA treatment. In this review, we evaluate the physicochemical properties of hydrogels, and focus on the latest applications of hydrogels in POF and IUA. We also found the limitations on clinical application of hydrogel and provide future prospects. Artificial ovary as the future of hydrogel in POF is worth studying, and 3D bioprinting may help the mass production of hydrogels.

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“…The elastic response will be in phase with the driving force or strain, and is expressed in terms of the storage (or elastic) modulus while the viscous response lags the driving force and is quantified in terms of the loss (or viscous) modulus, which are so-called G 0 and G 00 , respectively. 38 In this study, the rheology of the hydrogels (i.e., PVA hydrogel and nanocomposite hydrogel) was performed using Anton Paar CTD 450 apparatus, Austria. The gelation time of PVA hydrogel and nanocomposite hydrogel were conducted at 90 C with 1 Hz frequency.…”

Section: Rheology Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol for water shut‐off and conformance control treatments during oil production: The effect of silica nanoparticles

Rajabi

Moradi

Andrade³

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic commercial polymer with the inherent hydrophilicity, thermal and chemical resistance, ecofriendly, and a high anti‐fouling potential making it an attractive choice for water treatment applications, but has been less studied for oil and gas industry applications. On the other hands, nowadays nanotechnology has gained an important space within most core areas in upstream oil and gas operations. The present work, first PVA at various concentrations, was added to 5 wt% NaCl solution and then, crosslinked by formaldehyde 37% at two different concentration ratios. To compare, a nanocomposite hydrogel was fabricated in the same way with 1 wt% silica nanoparticles (NPs). Contact angle and filtration test were performed to confirm the ability of PVA hydrogel and nanocomposite hydrogel for oil and water adsorption. Following this, a rheology measurement was made to realize the gelation time of samples and their performance for water shutoff applications. Finally, an experimental flooding setup was designed to inject the fluids into carbonate plugs in order to estimate of oil and water effective permeability, and oil recovery factor (RF) before and after the PVA hydrogel and nanocomposite hydrogel injection. Both samples wettability tests showed a super‐hydrophilic state for brine droplets and neutral state for synthetic oil droplets by using nanocomposite hydrogel. The flooding tests revealed that the PVA hydrogel was clogged the plug with blocking efficiency of 32.83% for water effective permeability and 14.60% for oil effective permeability. This value was calculated to be 50.37% for water effective permeability and 31.36% for oil effective permeability in the case of nanocomposite hydrogel injection. Oil RF was also reported to be 64.58% after injecting PVA hydrogel which was higher than nanocomposite hydrogel injection with RF of 52.08%.

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What is rheology?

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Flavour encapsulation: A comparative analysis of relevant techniques, physiochemical characterisation, stability, and food applications

Flavour encapsulation: A comparative analysis of relevant techniques, physiochemical characterisation, stability, and food applications

Applications of Hydrogels in Premature Ovarian Failure and Intrauterine Adhesion

Chemically crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol for water shut‐off and conformance control treatments during oil production: The effect of silica nanoparticles

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