What is the role of lifestyle behaviour change associated with non-communicable disease risk in managing musculoskeletal health conditions with special reference to chronic pain?

Abstract

BackgroundOther than activity and exercise, lifestyle practices such as not smoking and healthy nutrition, well established for preventing and managing lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (i.e., heart disease, cancer, hypertension, stroke, obstructive lung disease, diabetes, and obesity), are less emphasized in the physical therapy guidelines for addressing chronic pain, e.g., back pain. This state-of-the-art review examines the relationships between lifestyle behaviours and musculoskeletal health, with special reference to chronic pain, and their clinical and research implications.DiscussionA state-of-the-art review was conducted to synthesize evidence related to lifestyle factors (not smoking, healthy diet, healthy weight, optimal sleep and manageable stress, as well as physical activity) and musculoskeletal health, with special reference to chronic pain. The findings support that health behaviour change competencies (examination/assessment and intervention/treatment) may warrant being included in first-line management of chronic pain, either independently or in conjunction with conventional physical therapy interventions. To address knowledge gaps in the literature however three lines of clinical trial research are indicated: 1) to establish the degree to which traditional physical therapy interventions prescribed for chronic pain augment the benefits of lifestyle behaviour change; 2) to establish the degree to which adopting healthier lifestyle practices, avoids or reduces the need for conventional physical therapy; and 3) to establish whether patients/clients with healthier lifestyles and who have chronic pain, respond more favourably to conventional physical therapy interventions than those who have less healthy lifestyles.SummaryLifestyle behaviour change is well accepted in addressing lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases. Compelling evidence exists however supporting the need for elucidation of the role of negative lifestyle behaviours on the incidence of chronic pain, and the role of positive lifestyle behaviours on its incidence and effective management. Addressing lifestyle behaviour change in patients/clients with chronic pain, e.g., back pain, as a first-line intervention might not only constitute a novel approach, but also reduce the socioeconomic burden related to chronic pain as well as non-communicable diseases.

Understanding Adolescent Low Back Pain From a Multidimensional Perspective: Implications for Management

“…17 We have investigated a number of these lifestyle factors in adolescent populations. Sports Involvement In a schoolbased study that investigated LBP in adolescent rowers, we documented a high prevalence of LBP across a rowing season in both ad olescent boys and girls.…”

Estilo de vida e nível de atividade física de indivíduos com dor no ombro atendidos em um serviço público

“…Estes aspectos são relevantes, desde que alguns problemas psicossociais podem ser associados com a dor musculoesquelé-tica 7 . Além disso, o estresse pode conduzir à depressão e ao aumento da ansiedade e alguns resultados da literatura indicam que tais problemas de saúde mental podem reduzir o limiar doloroso e causar maior impacto sobre a capacidade física 26 .…”

“…Estilos de vida sedentários apresentam forte associação com a ocorrências das DCNT e são um importante fator de risco relacionado à dor musculoesquelética 28 . No entanto, a relação entre atividade física e dor musculoesquelética é complexa, uma vez que os sintomas podem ser a causa da inatividade, bem como sua consequência 26,27 . Uma possível explicação seria a ocorrência de degeneração articular, devido a menor produção de líquido sinovial para proteger as superfícies articulares, levando à dor, porém não é possível saber se a inatividade desses indivíduos é causa ou consequência da dor no ombro 26 .…”

Prevalência de queixa álgica musculoesquelética em trabalhadores de empresa de bijuteria

“…2 Há um duplo papel do trabalho, pois além de proporcionar o sustento e uma melhor qualidade de vida e para promover o desenvolvimento dos indivíduos e favorecer a valorização e auto-realização, quando realizado sob condições e ambientes inadequados, pode prejudicar a saúde, causar doenças e a levar à morte. 3 A saúde do trabalhador está diretamente ligada a fatores econômicos, tecnológicos, sociais e organizacionais associados ao perfil de produção e consumo, além dos fatores de risco de natureza física, química, mecânica, biológica e ergonômica, que se encontram nos processos produtivos.…”