1999
DOI: 10.1016/s1091-8531(99)70022-4
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What is the role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of dysthyroid strabismus?

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Cited by 24 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…7,12,13 In several studies, injections were used during the active phase of the disease when surgery is contraindicated due to instability of both endocrine status and muscle balance and surgical unpredictability. 7 It is believed that during the early stage of the disease, strabismus is due to a change in the morphology of the extraocular muscles, in particular, the replacement of normal fibers with faster fibers that contract more forcefully.…”
Section: N Restrictive Strabismusmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…7,12,13 In several studies, injections were used during the active phase of the disease when surgery is contraindicated due to instability of both endocrine status and muscle balance and surgical unpredictability. 7 It is believed that during the early stage of the disease, strabismus is due to a change in the morphology of the extraocular muscles, in particular, the replacement of normal fibers with faster fibers that contract more forcefully.…”
Section: N Restrictive Strabismusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…14 In one study, 12.5% of patients achieved long-term binocular vision after 1 injection, indicating a chance for permanent realignment after treatment. 13 Many of these patients opted for repeat injections to temporarily alleviate disabling diplopia symptoms until surgery could be performed. Another study describes success in 38 patients, most of whom obtained a 75% decrease in initial deviation.…”
Section: N Restrictive Strabismusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thyroid orbitopathy, orbital myositis, strabismus after retinal detachment surgery, postoperative restrictions, and the acute stage of adherence syndrome are indications for BTXA in selected cases. 12 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 Thyroid orbitopathy is a common restrictive problem and surgery must be performed during the inactive stage of the disease. However, the process of becoming fully inactive may be quite prolonged, and BTXA treatment may offer these patients symptom relief during this active inflammatory period before fibrotic changes develop.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Die Indikation für einen operativen Eingriff besteht bei Erreichen von Befundkonstanz. Die diesbezügliche Wartezeit kann durch Botulinumtoxin-Injektionen überbrückt werden, sodass der Patient früher von der stö-renden Diplopie befreit, beziehungsweise eine Kopfzwangshaltung verringert wird[15]. Roggenkämper et al beschrieben, dass bei nur 10 % der Patienten, bei denen übliche Tests Hinweise auf postoperative Doppelbilder ergaben, nach BotulinumtoxinSimulation der OP auf die Schieloperation verzichtet werden musste.…”
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