What Proportion of People Who Try One Cigarette Become Daily Smokers? A Meta-Analysis of Representative Surveys

Birge, Max; Duffy, Stephen W.; Miler, Joanna; Hájek, Peter

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntx243

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Existing ECs can satisfy smokers and help them to stop smoking [13], but they seem to be remarkably unattractive to non-smokers. While non-smokers who try cigarettes have a more than 50% chance of becoming daily smokers [14], non-smokers who try ECs almost never progress to weekly, let alone daily, use [15,16]. There is now a concern that use of Juul may be changing this picture [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine delivery and users’ reactions to Juul compared with cigarettes and other e‐cigarette products

et al. 2020

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Aims To assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of, and users' reactions to, Juul (59 mg nicotine/ml) as an indication of its therapeutic and dependence potential. Design Cross-over, within-subjects study in which participants attended after overnight abstinence on separate sessions and smoked a cigarette or used Juul or eight other types of e-cigarettes (EC) ad libitum for 5 minutes. The Juul product used was the version available in the United States that has more nicotine in the eliquid than the one available in the European Union. Setting Laboratory setting in the United Kingdom. Participants Twenty dual users (smokers who also vape) provided data on Juul and cigarettes, with eight also providing data on other EC products. Measurements At each session, number of puffs taken was counted during the 5-minute product use period and blood samples were taken at baseline and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 30 minutes after starting smoking/vaping and analysed for nicotine. Participants also monitored their urges to smoke and rated the products on a range of characteristics. Findings Juul's PK profile was close to the PK profile of cigarettes [maximum concentration (C max ) = 20.4 versus 19.2 ng/ml; time to maximum concentration (T max ) = 4 versus 6 minutes; area under the curve (AUC): 307.9 versus 312.6, respectively]. Compared with other EC products, Juul had shorter T max [4 minutes, (IQR = 2.5-4.0) versus 6.3 minutes, (IQR = 4.7 -8.1), P = 0.012] and higher C max (28.9 (SD = 15.6) versus 10.6 (SD = 5.5), P = 0.013) despite a lower number of puffs (12.5 (SD = 4.2) versus 17.0 (SD = 4.2), P = 0.084). Compared with other e-cigarette products, it also provided faster reduction of urges to smoke and obtained more favourable subjective ratings.Conclusion Juul's PK profile and user ratings suggest that it could be more effective than other EC products in helping smokers to quit smoking, but it may also have a higher potential to generate regular use in non-smokers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine delivery and users’ reactions to Juul compared with cigarettes and other e‐cigarette products

et al. 2020

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“…A recent meta-analysis of nationally representative surveys of adults, which found that among those who had ever tried a cigarette, more than two-thirds (68.9%) progressed to daily smoking, highlighted the importance of reducing experimentation in youth. 6 When asked for their views, marketing experts suggested that including warnings on cigarettes would ruin the image of smoking, particularly for young people. 7 However, whether this would reduce experimentation is not known, as research in this area is at a nascent stage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Warnings on every cigarette: extending health messaging to the consumption experience

Moodie

2018

CMAJ

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“…This may be related to age at 1 st smoking by modulating cognitive dimensions involved in addictive processes such as procedural learning through (α7) 5 nAChRs [41,42] and impulsivity through 5-HT3Rs [43]. The phenotype 'age at 1 st smoke' is of utmost relevance since up to 69% adolescents who initiate smoking will be daily smokers at some point [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene-Gene interactions and pleiotropy in the brain nicotinic pathway associated with the heaviness and precocity of tobacco smoking among outpatients with multiple substance use disorders

Icick

Besson

Zerdazi

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Introduction: Tobacco smoking is a major health burden worldwide, especially in populations suffering from other substance use disorders (SUDs). Several smoking phenotypes have been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Yet, little is known about the genetics of tobacco smoking in populations with other SUDs, particularly regarding gene-gene interactions and pleiotropy, which are likely involved in the polygenic architecture of SUDs. Thus, we undertook a candidate pathway association study of nAChR-related genes and smoking phenotypes in a sample of SUD patients.Methods: 493 patients with genetically-verified Caucasian ancestry were characterized extensively regarding patterns of tobacco smoking, other SUDs, and 83 SNPs from the nicotinic pathway, encompassing all brain nAChR subunits and metabolic/chaperone/trafficking proteins. Single-SNP, gene-based and SNP x SNP interactions analyses were performed to investigate associations with relevant tobacco smoking phenotypes. This included Bayesian analyses to detect pleiotropy, and adjustment on clinical and sociodemographic confounders. Results:After multiple adjustment, we found independent associations between CHRNA3 rs8040868 and a higher number of cigarettes per day (CPD), and between RIC3 rs11826236 and a lower age at smoking initiation. Two SNP x SNP interactions were associated with age at onset (AAO) of daily smoking. There was pleiotropy regarding three SNPs in CHRNA3 (CPD, AAO daily smoking), ACHE (CPD, HSI) and CHRNB4 (CPD, both AAOs). Discussion:Despite limitations, the present study shows that the genetics of tobacco smoking in SUD patients are both distinct and partially shared across smoking phenotypes, and involve metabolic and chaperone effectors of the nicotinic pathway.

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What Proportion of People Who Try One Cigarette Become Daily Smokers? A Meta-Analysis of Representative Surveys

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Nicotine delivery and users’ reactions to Juul compared with cigarettes and other e‐cigarette products

Nicotine delivery and users’ reactions to Juul compared with cigarettes and other e‐cigarette products

Warnings on every cigarette: extending health messaging to the consumption experience

Gene-Gene interactions and pleiotropy in the brain nicotinic pathway associated with the heaviness and precocity of tobacco smoking among outpatients with multiple substance use disorders

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