“…As part of green procurement activities, remanufacturing operations lay a strong emphasis on the integration of shop‐floor workflows and process automation, using front‐end technologies (such as 3‐D printers, robotics, and human–machine interface) in order to improve operational efficiency, and thereby provide a smooth flow of information across key strategic firms (Bag, Dhamija, et al, 2021). Moreover, remanufacturing activities reflect the process‐level coordination among various functional areas to inculcate advanced product design (Fadeyi & Monplaisir, 2022), development of intelligent materials (Schulz‐Mönninghoff et al, 2023), design for product reuse (Bhatia et al, 2022), product–service systems (Nag et al, 2022), and various business models that, in the end, retain the intrinsic value of the products being re‐circulated between points of use and production (Govindan, 2022; Niu et al, 2022). The degree to which, manufacturing organizations have successfully deployed I4.0 technologies may effectively determine the effectiveness of green procurement and remanufacturing (Wijayasundara et al, 2022), leading to the formulation of the following hypotheses:H4 An organization's degree of I4.0 implementation positively influences its green procurement activities.H5 An organization's degree of I4.0 implementation positively influences its remanufacturing activities.…”