What’s driving illegal mobile phone use? Psychosocial influences on drivers’ intentions to use hand-held mobile phones

More screen operation than calling: The results of observing cyclists' behaviour while using mobile phones

“…As such, in most countries legislation has been introduced so that only hands free use of mobile phones is allowed, if mobile phone use is allowed at all (e.g., Ibrahim, Anderson, Burris, & Wagenaar, 2011, Waddell, & Wiener, 2014. In addition to the effects on car drivers, prevalence of operating a mobile phone while riding a motorcycle have also been recently researched; Pérez-Núñez, et al (2014) observed that 0.64% operated a phone while riding a motorcycle.…”

A Theory-Based Approach to the Development and Evaluation of Public Education Messages Aimed at Social Interactive Technology Use on Smartphones among Young Drivers

“…'Accessing' social interactive technology was broken into the three discrete behaviours of 'initiating', 'monitoring/reading', and 'responding'. As noted earlier, current literature suggests that these may be distinct behaviours with different underlying motivations (e.g., Shi et al, 2016;Waddell & Wiener, 2014) and different risk perceptions (Atchley et al, 2011) and may, therefore, require different public education message content to be effective. In addition, the WHO (2011) suggested research needs to focus on different behaviours associated with mobile phone use in order to develop a greater understanding of the impacts of such discrete behaviours.…”

“…There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that mobile phone use may comprise a number of distinct behaviours (e.g., Gauld, Lewis, & White, 2013;Nemme & White, 2010;Walsh, White, Hyde, & Watson, 2008) . Recent research has identified differences in driver risk perception for initiating (starting a communication), monitoring/reading (checking for communications and/or reading them), and responding (answering a communication) behaviours, with most drivers perceiving monitoring/reading to be the least risky behaviour of these three (Shi, Xiao, & Atchley, 2016;Waddell & Wiener, 2014). There may be different motivations for young drivers engaging in these three different behaviours; for example, feeling a social pressure to respond may be a contributing factor in young drivers answering communications (Atchley, Atwood, & Boulton, 2011;Lindqvist & Hong, 2011;Nemme & White, 2010).…”

“…Waddell and Wiener (2014) applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour ([TPB], Ajzen, 1985Ajzen, , 1991 Smartphones are particularly popular with young people aged 18 to 29 years (Rainie, 2012) and smartphone users aged 16 to 24 years spend the equivalent of 1 month on their smartphone in a calendar year (Telstra, 2013). Young drivers, therefore, appear particularly vulnerable to driver distraction as, in addition to being twice as likely to make a phone call and four times more likely to text than drivers over 50 years, young drivers are more likely to read emails or check the internet on their smartphones while driving (AAMI, 2012).…”

“…After finding that anticipated action regret was a significant predictor of concealed texting among young drivers, Gauld et al (2014b) suggested the concept of anticipated inaction regret should be investigated in future studies investigating mobile phone use while driving. It is possible that anticipated inaction regret may be particularly relevant for responding behaviours where the driver may perceive a social pressure to reply to the incoming communication immediately (Nemme & White, 2010;Waddell & Wiener, 2014).…”