What's new for us in strabismus?

Abstract

Strabismus is one of the most challenging subspecialties encountered in the field of ophthalmology. The concept of etiology of strabismus is being advanced with the development of newer imaging modalities and increased understanding of the genetics of strabismus. Imaging is also being used to aid in the planning of strabismus surgery. Newer horizons are being explored in the amblyopia management. The good old eye-pad is being replaced with the iPad. Early detection of loss of stereopsis is being used to decide the timing for strabismus surgery. Improvement of binocular summation has been discovered as a benefit of corrective strabismus surgery. Newer surgical techniques such as new transposition procedures are being developed to correct complex strabismus. Strabismus surgeries aided by adjustable sutures have increased the precision of a strabismologist. A new light has been thrown on the psychosocial impact of strabismus. A present-day strabismologist has advanced from the goal of ocular alignment to a bigger perspective “to regain the paradise lost: stereopsis.”

A Novel Method for Measuring Subtle Alterations in Pupil Size in Children With Congenital Strabismus

“…Congenital strabismus is the most common form of presentation [19]; it is concomitant and can present inward deviation (esotropia) or outwards (exotropia) [20]. On the other hand, dissociated strabismus is a subtype of congenital strabismus that occurs in both esotropias and exotropias [21], [22].…”

Prevalence of strabismus among preschool children in eastern China and comparison at a 5-year interval: a population-based cross-sectional study

“…Strabismus is a common ocular disorder in childhood which can lead not only to cosmetic impairment but also to loss of binocularity and depth perception. [1][2][3][4][5] The negative impact of this early-onset visual developmental disorder can persist into adulthood if left untreated. 6 Identifying strabismus at an earlier age may prevent the development of strabismic amblyopia, as well as improve the chance of restoring binocularity, highlighting the importance of early detection and timely interventions.…”

An artificial intelligence platform for the diagnosis and surgical planning of strabismus using corneal light-reflection photos

“…As a leading cause of impaired binocular vision and abnormal visual function, strabismus compromises the quality of life of preschool children (6). Timely establishment of binocular alignment can improve long-term vision and sensorimotor outcomes (7)(8)(9)(10). Thus, patients with symptomatic misalignment or deviation greater than 12 prism diopters (PD) require extraocular muscle surgery if eyeglasses and amblyopia management fail to align the eyes, and the accurate measurement of the deviation is the foundation of medical intervention Manual measurement of deviation is often laborious and highly dependent on the experience of the specialist and the cooperation of the patients.…”