What tourists worry about – Construction of a scale measuring tourist worries

Larsen, Svein; Brun, Wibecke; Øgaard, Torvald

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2008.06.004

Cited by 169 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An emphasis on tourist victimisation, and lighter forms of service failure, spawned studies on the darker outcomes of dysfunctional tourist services, such as tourist worry (Larsen et al, 2009), anger and regret (see Sánchez-García & Currás-Pérez, 2011) in the context of tourist hotels and restaurants and the implications of these negative cognitive states and emotions for customer (dis)satisfaction, (mis)trust and switching behaviour.…”

Section: Consumer Misbehaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Cohen

Prayag

Moital

2013

Current Issues in Tourism

569

333

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Although consumer behaviour (CB) is one of the most researched areas in the field of tourism, few extensive reviews of the body of knowledge in this area exist. This review article examines what we argue are the key concepts, external influences and opportune research contexts in contemporary tourism CB research. Using a narrative review, we examine the CB literature published in three major tourism journals from 2000 to 2012. Of 519 articles identified and reviewed, 191 are included in this article. We examine the development of and scope for future research on nine key concepts, including decision-making, values, motivations, self-concept and personality, expectations, attitudes, perceptions, satisfaction, trust and loyalty. We then examine three important external influences on tourism behaviour, technology, Generation Y and the rise in concern over ethical consumption. Finally, we identify and discuss five research contexts that represent major areas for future scholarship: group and joint decision-making, under-researched segments, cross-cultural issues in emerging markets, emotions and consumer misbehaviour. Our examination of key research gaps is concluded by arguing that the hedonic and affective aspects of CB research in tourism must be brought to bear on the wider CB and marketing literature.Keywords: consumption; travel; behaviour; marketing; research agenda Introduction Consumer behaviour (CB) involves certain decisions, activities, ideas or experiences that satisfy consumer needs and wants (Solomon, 1996). It is 'concerned with all activities directly involved in obtaining, consuming and disposing of products and services, including the decision processes that precede and follow these actions' (Engel, Blackwell, & Miniard, 1995, p. 4). CB remains one of the most researched areas in the marketing and tourism fields, with the terms 'travel behaviour' or 'tourist behaviour' typically used to describe this area of inquiry. Few comprehensive reviews of the literature on CB concepts and models exist in the field of tourism. Exceptions include Moutinho (1993) who reviews the social and psychological influences on individual travel behaviour with the aim of developing a model of tourist behaviour and Dimanche and Havitz (1995) Tourism, 2014 Vol. 17, No. 10, 872 -909, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013 four concepts (ego-involvement, loyalty and commitment, family decision-making and novelty-seeking) in an attempt to methodologically advance CB in tourism studies.A lack of comprehensive reviews is not only due to the extensive breadth of the topic area itself, but also because travel behaviour is generally considered as a continuous process that includes varied yet inter-correlated stages and concepts that cannot always be analysed separately (Mill & Morrison, 2002). Tourism researchers have reviewed individual concepts (e.g. Riley, Niininen, Szivas, & Willis, 2001, on loyalty), specific influences (e.g. Moutinho, 1993, on social influences on CB), and particular research contexts (e.g. Hong, Lee, L...

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Section: Consumer Misbehaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Cohen

Prayag

Moital

2013

Current Issues in Tourism

569

333

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The risks associated with potential terrorism and political stability have been especially influential in deterring tourists from travelling, whether generally, or to particular destinations (Sönmez & Graefe, 1998a). A particularly useful, and relatively neglected study in this area has been the work of Larsen, Brun, W. and Øgaard (2009) on tourists' worries; they not only identify their particular concerns, and associations between risk perceptions and a tourist worry scale, but also how these differ between the planning, and the actual holiday stage. They conclude that there is a need for tourism researchers to link to more generic research on risk judgements and affective states, which resonates in part with the call in this paper to engage with generic behavioural economics research; while they focus on worry, we focus on risk tolerance and competences.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourism, risk tolerance and competences: Travel organization and tourism hazards

2013

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“…First, the DES was originally developed and, in this study, validated in the context of hedonic holiday destinations. However, some destinations around the world are judged risky, elicit negative emotions such as fear, and tourists worry about visiting them (Larsen, Brun, and Øgaard 2009). Other studies on dark tourism show that some places evoke negative emotions including fear, sadness, depression and empathy (Kang, Scott, Lee and Ballantyne 2012).…”

Section: Limitations and Directions For Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%