What we talk about when we talk about nuclear actin

Belin, Brittany J; Mullins, R. Dyche

doi:10.4161/nucl.25960

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…For this reason, their presence might be easily overlooked amongst other more abundant actin-based structures. Frustrations over identifying the presence or morphology of actin filaments have been common historically, examples being leading edge actin filament morphology, nuclear actin filaments and actin in Plasmodium (Belin and Mullins, 2013;Kudryashev et al, 2010;Ydenberg et al, 2011). Many imaging techniques, especially electron microscopy, present challenges for imaging short low-abundance filament populations (Kudryashev et al, 2010;Lehrer, 1981;Maupin and Pollard, 1983).…”

Section: Final Thoughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel roles for actin in mitochondrial fission

Hatch

Gurel

Higgs

2014

Journal of Cell Science

130

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Mitochondrial dynamics, including fusion, fission and translocation, are crucial to cellular homeostasis, with roles in cellular polarity, stress response and apoptosis. Mitochondrial fission has received particular attention, owing to links with several neurodegenerative diseases. A central player in fission is the cytoplasmic dynaminrelated GTPase Drp1, which oligomerizes at the fission site and hydrolyzes GTP to drive membrane ingression. Drp1 recruitment to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) is a key regulatory event, which appears to require a pre-constriction step in which the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrion interact extensively, a process termed ERMD (ER-associated mitochondrial division). It is unclear how ER-mitochondrial contact generates the force required for pre-constriction or why pre-constriction leads to Drp1 recruitment. Recent results, however, show that ERMD might be an actin-based process in mammals that requires the ER-associated formin INF2 upstream of Drp1, and that myosin II and other actinbinding proteins might be involved. In this Commentary, we present a mechanistic model for mitochondrial fission in which actin and myosin contribute in two ways; firstly, by supplying the force for preconstriction and secondly, by serving as a coincidence detector for Drp1 binding. In addition, we discuss the possibility that multiple fission mechanisms exist in mammals.

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Section: Final Thoughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel roles for actin in mitochondrial fission

Hatch

Gurel

Higgs

2014

Journal of Cell Science

130

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“…Therefore, it was previously thought that in somatic cells nuclear actin exists mainly or even only in its monomeric form (de Lanerolle and Serebryannyy, 2011;Percipalle, 2013). However, our view on nuclear actin structures is currently changing due to recently described dynamic F-actin foci (Belin and Mullins, 2013) as well as filamentous networks, which can rapidly form upon serum or lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) stimulation (Baarlink et al, 2013) evidently independent of the Arp2/3 complex. In these cases, nuclear actin was visualized by targeting actin probes such as Utrophin or LifeAct to the nucleus, thereby circumventing strong signal interference from cytoplasmic F-actin labeling (Baarlink and Grosse, 2014).…”

Section: Nuclear Actin and Extracellular Cuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…of NanoBiophotonics, Göttingen. (Belin and Mullins, 2013;Grosse and Vartiainen, 2013). One central issue is to overcome the obstacles in visualizing nuclear actin because its concentration in somatic cell nuclei is very low compared to other models utilized in nuclear actin research, i.e.…”

Section: Nuclear Actin and Extracellular Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular signaling cues for nuclear actin polymerization

Plessner

Grosse

2015

European Journal of Cell Biology

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“…Actin was first observed in isolated nuclear fractions from Xenopus laevis in the late 1970s (Clark and Merriam ), and since this time, the proposed function(s) of actin within the nucleus has been a point of discussion (Bettinger et al ; Belin and Mullins ). It was initially assumed that actin was present in nucleus‐enriched cell isolations as the result of contamination during sample preparation, or simply resident within the nucleus as the result of non‐specific, passive diffusion (Grosse and Vartiainen ).…”

Section: Actin and The Nucleus: The Final Frontier?mentioning

confidence: 99%

From filaments to function: The role of the plant actin cytoskeleton in pathogen perception, signaling and immunity

Porter

Day

2015

JIPB

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The eukaryotic actin cytoskeleton is required for numerous cellular processes, including cell shape, development and movement, gene expression and signal transduction, and response to biotic and abiotic stress. In recent years, research in both plants and animal systems have described a function for actin as the ideal surveillance platform, linking the function and activity of primary physiological processes to the immune system. In this review, we will highlight recent advances that have defined the regulation and breadth of function of the actin cytoskeleton as a network required for defense signaling following pathogen infection. Coupled with an overview of recent work demonstrating specific targeting of the plant actin cytoskeleton by a diversity of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses, we will highlight the importance of actin as a key signaling hub in plants, one that mediates surveillance of cellular homeostasis and the activation of specific signaling responses following pathogen perception. B4ased on the studies highlighted herein, we propose a working model that posits changes in actin filament organization is in and of itself a highly specific signal, which induces, regulates and physically directs stimulus-specific signaling processes, most importantly, those associated with response to pathogens.

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What we talk about when we talk about nuclear actin

Cited by 42 publications

References 53 publications

Novel roles for actin in mitochondrial fission

Novel roles for actin in mitochondrial fission

Extracellular signaling cues for nuclear actin polymerization

From filaments to function: The role of the plant actin cytoskeleton in pathogen perception, signaling and immunity

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