What-Where-When Memory in Pigeons

Skov-Rackette, Shannon I.; Miller, Noam; Shettleworth, Sara J.

doi:10.1037/e604002013-067

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…This presumes the development of a good long-term memory or a specialized, episodic-like memory [ 77 ]. The occurrence of an episodic-like memory or a what-where-when memory [ 78 ] has never been shown in shrikes. Nevertheless, shrikes are known for their impaling behavior—storing prey on thorns within their territory [ 79 ][ 80 ], which probably places some demands on their spatial memory skills.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facing a Clever Predator Demands Clever Responses - Red-Backed Shrikes (Lanius collurio) vs. Eurasian Magpies (Pica pica)

et al. 2016

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Red-backed shrikes (Lanius collurio) behave quite differently towards two common nest predators. While the European jay (Garrulus glandarius) is commonly attacked, in the presence of the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica), shrikes stay fully passive. We tested the hypotheses that this passive response to the magpie is an alternative defense strategy. Nesting shrikes were exposed to the commonly attacked European kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) in a situation in which i) a harmless domestic pigeon, ii) a commonly attacked European jay, and iii) a non-attacked black-billed magpie are (separately) presented nearby. The kestrel dummy presented together with the magpie dummy was attacked with a significantly lower intensity than when it was presented with the other intruders (pigeon, jay) or alone. This means that the presence of the magpie inhibited the shrike’s defense response towards the other intruder. These results support our previous hypotheses that shrikes use an alternative defense strategy in the magpie’s presence. We hypothesize that the magpie is able to associate the active defense of the shrikes with the close proximity of a nest and that shrikes try not to draw the magpie’s attention to the nest. The reason why this strategy is not used against the jay remains unanswered as jays as well as magpies show very similar cognitive and foraging skills enabling them to individuate the nest presence according to active parental defense.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facing a Clever Predator Demands Clever Responses - Red-Backed Shrikes (Lanius collurio) vs. Eurasian Magpies (Pica pica)

et al. 2016

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“…So far only one study has explicitly addressed the issue of structure described by Clayton et al as central for episodic‐like memory 15. Skov‐Rackette et al41 trained pigeons ( Columba livia ) to respond to either a what, where, or when question in a matching‐to‐sample paradigm. Pigeons performed well on these tasks despite not knowing which element they would be questioned on at the time of encoding, suggesting that all three elements were encoded simultaneously.…”

Section: What–where–whenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental time travel in animals

Cheke

Clayton

2010

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Twelve years on from Suddendorf and Corballis's mental time travel (MTT) hypothesis, the debate as to whether episodic cognition is unique to humans remains unresolved. In this article, we review the evidence for mental time travel in nonhuman animals and the empirical methods used in this field. Investigation of episodic-like memory has been dominated by 'What-Where-When' paradigms, with limited success outside of food-caching corvids, and with only scrub-jays meeting Clayton and colleagues' more specific description of the underlying mnemonics. The recent emergence of an 'unexpected question' paradigm tapping recall of unattended aspects of episodes provides a promising new avenue for future studies. Falsification of the Bischof-Köhler hypothesis, that acting to satisfy a future motivational state is beyond the scope of nonhuman animals, has been the 'holy grail' of animal future planning research, spawning a plethora of studies. We argue that although the criterion proposed by this hypothesis provides a test for an explicit representation of a future time, it does nothing to get at whether planning for this future is mediated by semantic or episodic processes.

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“…Numerous studies have shown that vertebrates such as birds and mammals can perceive time: scrub jays (Clayton & Dickinson, , ), pigeons (Zentall et al., , ; Skov‐Rackette et al., ), meadow voles (Ferkin et al., ), black‐capped chickadees (Feeney et al., ), magpies (Zinkivskay et al., ), dolphins (Mercado et al., ), rats (Bird et al., ; Babb & Crystal, ), gorillas (Schwartz et al., ; Hoffman et al., ), Yucatan minipigs ( Kouwenberg et al., ) and rhesus monkeys (Hoffman et al., ; but see Hampton et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of time in a decision‐making process by a parasitoid

Parent

Brodeur

Boivin

2016

Ecological Entomology

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1. Time perception is seldom studied in invertebrates, with the limited experimental evidence being insufficient to provide a comprehensive pattern of the capacity of invertebrates to measure time and use it in decision‐making processes. 2. In this study, it was hypothesized that insect parasitoids have evolved the capacity to measure time precisely and to use it to optimize foraging decisions related to host exploitation. To examine time perception in females of the gregarious egg parasitoid Trichogramma euproctidis, the present study used their ability to adjust their investment (number of eggs laid) in a host to the initial transit duration (interval between the first contact with the host and the following contact with the substrate). Females utilize this method to assess host egg size, as a large egg necessarily requires more time to evaluate than a small host. In this study, the initial transit duration for a given sized egg was artificially extended by suspending it. 3. For similar sized hosts, female T. euproctidis significantly increased both oviposition duration and progeny allocation following a longer initial transit duration. 4. These results demonstrate the intrinsic capacity of this parasitoid to measure time and to adjust their progeny investment accordingly. This is believed to be one of the few demonstrations of a retrospective measure of time in an invertebrate.

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What-Where-When Memory in Pigeons

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Facing a Clever Predator Demands Clever Responses - Red-Backed Shrikes (Lanius collurio) vs. Eurasian Magpies (Pica pica)

Facing a Clever Predator Demands Clever Responses - Red-Backed Shrikes (Lanius collurio) vs. Eurasian Magpies (Pica pica)

Mental time travel in animals

Use of time in a decision‐making process by a parasitoid

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