What Your Nose Knows: Affective, Cognitive, and Behavioral Responses to the Scent of Another Person

Hofer, Marlise K.; Chen, Frances S.; Schaller, Mark

doi:10.1177/0963721420964175

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The development of the neocortex in humans and some other primates determined the predominance of the visual sensory modality over olfaction. However, evidence exists as to the influence that chemosensory signals associated with body odors have on human and animal behavior ( Hofer et al, 2020 ). As opposed to sight, where the intertwining between context and background is essential to determine visual perception, olfaction refers to a sensory mode that produces unified, one-dimensional, and all-saturating perceptions ( Bochicchio et al, 2018 , Bochicchio et al, 2019 ; Bochicchio and Winsler, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory-related quality of life impacts psychological distress in people with COVID-19: The affective implications of olfactory dysfunctions

Bochicchio¹,

Mezzalira²,

Maldonato³

et al. 2023

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory-related quality of life impacts psychological distress in people with COVID-19: The affective implications of olfactory dysfunctions

Bochicchio¹,

Mezzalira²,

Maldonato³

et al. 2023

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…Though not a contributing factor to motion sickness, unpleasant smells, are perceived as even more unpleasant; and pleasant smells, more pleasant after motion-induced sickness (Paillard et al, 2014). Smell also plays an important role in emotional state (Herz, 2002; Hofer et al, 2020). The multi-billion-dollar fragrance and perfume industry speaks to the strength of the emotional effects of scents.…”

Section: Functions Of Smellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of COVID-19 on Sense of Smell: Human Factors/Ergonomics Considerations

2021

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Objective We review the effects of COVID-19 on the human sense of smell (olfaction) and discuss implications for human-system interactions. We emphasize how critical smell is and how the widespread loss of smell due to COVID-19 will impact human-system interaction. Background COVID-19 reduces the sense of smell in people who contract the disease. Thus far, olfaction has received relatively little attention from human factors/ergonomics professionals. While smell is not a primary means of human-system communication, humans rely on smell in many important ways related to both quality of life and safety. Method We briefly review and synthesize the rapidly expanding literature through September 2020 on the topic of smell loss caused by COVID-19. We interpret findings in terms of their relevance to human factors/ergonomics researchers and practitioners. Results Since March 2020 dozens of articles have been published that report smell loss in COVID-19 patients. The prevalence and duration of COVID-19-related smell loss is still under investigation, but the available data suggest that it may leave many people with long-term deficits and distortions in sense of smell. Conclusion We suggest that the human factors/ergonomics community could become more aware of the importance of the sense of smell and focus on accommodating the increasing number of people with reduced olfactory performance. Application We present examples of how olfaction can augment human-system communication and how human factors/ergonomics professionals might accommodate people with olfactory dysfunction. While seemingly at odds, both of these goals can be achieved.

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“…Morgenson ( 2015 ) argues that novel, disruptive, and critical events are more likely to change behaviors when they have a longer duration and when the strength increases over time (p. 190). We also incorporate career shocks to argue that Covid-19 impacted employees' choices based on their personal job fit and psychological resources (Hofer et al 2020 ; Pak et al 2020 ). The theory suggests individual, pre-existing feelings about work (i.e., meaningful or not) could influence their reaction to the shock (i.e., pandemic) (Wordsworth and Nilakant 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaches and buffers: Can meaningful work impact turnover during COVID-19 pandemic?

2022

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The fear and uncertainty created by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have strained the employer-employee relationship. This research seeks to understand how psychological contract breach shapes employees' perspectives of meaningful work and its influence on turnover intention. Drawing on event systems theory, we investigated how objective events in the environment (e.g., global pandemic) impact employees. We also argue that the career shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic affected employees' choices based on their job fit and psychological resources. Findings indicate that experiencing meaningful work reduced turnover intention, especially for those that experienced less psychological contract breach. Also, experiencing meaningful work reduced turnover intention most for individuals whose working hours were not impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings show that experiencing meaningful work in a relatively stable job reduces employees' potential turnover during exogenous shocks. The study also highlights the importance of meaningful work and why organizations should collaborate and assist their employees in making work more meaningful.

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What Your Nose Knows: Affective, Cognitive, and Behavioral Responses to the Scent of Another Person

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Olfactory-related quality of life impacts psychological distress in people with COVID-19: The affective implications of olfactory dysfunctions

Olfactory-related quality of life impacts psychological distress in people with COVID-19: The affective implications of olfactory dysfunctions

Effects of COVID-19 on Sense of Smell: Human Factors/Ergonomics Considerations

Breaches and buffers: Can meaningful work impact turnover during COVID-19 pandemic?

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