Wheat Area Mapping in Afghanistan Based on Optical and SAR Time-Series Images in Google Earth Engine Cloud Environment

Trends in atmospheric pollution in the Third Pole: analyses of tropospheric NO2 for the period 2005–2020

“…To examine the impact of anthropogenic sources of NO2 on TP, we have analysed the emission inventory Afghanistan while rice, wheat, sugarcane and groundnuts are the major agricultural products of IGP. 65 One of the main sources of NO2 in these regions is open stubble burning. However, during the wheatrice rotation period, biomass burning frequency is very high as observed from the fire count analysis (Figure S2).…”

Measuring Religion from Behavior: Climate Shocks and Religious Adherence in Afghanistan

“…Religious organizations can play a critical role in facilitating social insurance (Ager and Ciccone, 2018;Auriol et al, 2020;Chen, 2010; 37 Specifically, we adapt the approach of Asher and Novosad (2020): we subtract out the early growing season value (in December) from the maximum growing season value, which controls for differences in noncrop vegetation. December -April corresponds to the major growing season for most important crops in Afghanistan, including wheat, the country's single most important crop (Tiwari et al, 2020). 38 The opportunity cost of time could also increase during drought, if labor can be used to compensate for lower rainfall.…”

In-Season Crop-Area Mapping for Wheat and Rice in Afghanistan and Bangladesh

“…Here, it has to be noted that poorly sampled and inaccurate sample data from the field results in under fitting and overfitting of the classification model and therefore may result in overestimation or underestimation of the classification results (Liakos et al 2018). The study of Tiwari et al (2020) provides detailed insights into well-known crop-type mapping methods using different sensors and resolutions.…”