Wheat High Temperature Tolerance During Reproductive Growth. II. Genetic Analysis of Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Moffatt, J. M.; Sears, R. G.; Cox, T. S.; Paulsen, Gary M.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1990.0011183x003000040025x

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…5, 6, and 7). A reduction in Fv in leaves exposed to stress has been reported by others, including Moffatt et al (6) and Smillie and Gibbons (9). This stress-induced reduction in Fv did not obscure the temperature-dependence of Fv reappearance.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

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Influence of Water and Temperature Stress on the Temperature Dependence of the Reappearance of Variable Fluorescence following Illumination

Ferguson¹,

Burke²

1991

Plant Physiol.

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The temperature dependence of the rate and magnitude of the reappearance of photosystem 11 (PSII) variable fluorescence following illumination has been used to determine plant temperature optima. The present study was designed to determine the effect of a plant's environmental history on the thermal dependency of the reappearance of PSII variable fluorescence. In eter, the Michaelis constant (Kin), to define the limits of thermal stress (2, 8, 10, 11). These measures are used as indicators of metabolic efficiency. The TKWs have been identified for several crop species (1, 2, 4, 5). These TKWs are narrower than plant temperatures experienced on a seasonal or daily basis (2). When plants are at temperatures outside of their TKW, reduction in growth and development occurs (2). Maintenance of plant temperatures within the TKW is controlled, primarily, by transpirational cooling during the day. The plant has no capacity to increase its leaf temperature if ambient temperature is below the TKW. Thus, the ability of plants to maintain optimal temperature is directly dependent upon the available soil water stored in the soil volume.The information provided by the TKW has been used in characterizing the stress that field crops experience (2), comparing differences between and within crop species (4), improving irrigation management (13), and providing new approaches to improving a crop's thermotolerance (3). The time, expense, and facilities required to determine the TKW of a plant was a limitation to more general use, however. An alternative and rapid method for determining the optimum temperature of a plant was needed. Burke (1) suggested that a temperature-dependent Chl fluorescence measurement might be used to determine plant temperature optima. PSII variable fluorescence is routinely monitored in the leaves of plants that have been dark adapted for approximately 30 min (6, 7). The PSII Fv signal of these "dark adapted" leaves is near maximum for an individual leaf (7). Conversely, Fv of light-saturated leaves is close to zero. The technique used by Burke (1) was to monitor the time course of the reappearance of the Fv signal for leaves moved from the light and placed in the dark. The rate of Fv reappearance and the maximum Fv value reached was dependent on the temperature of the leaf during the dark incubation period (1). Using leaves from well-watered, laboratory grown plants, Burke (1) has demonstrated that the incubation temperature resulting in the optimum reappearance of PSII Fv directly corresponded with the temperatures within the TKW for seven plant species. The incubation temperature resulting in the optimal Fv reappearance was determined by comparing maximum Fv

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Burke (1) suggested that a temperature-dependent Chl fluorescence measurement might be used to determine plant temperature optima. PSII variable fluorescence is routinely monitored in the leaves of plants that have been dark adapted for approximately 30 min (6,7). The PSII Fv signal of these "dark adapted" leaves is near maximum for an individual leaf (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Water and Temperature Stress on the Temperature Dependence of the Reappearance of Variable Fluorescence following Illumination

Ferguson¹,

Burke²

1991

Plant Physiol.

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“…(2003) reported similar effects of heat stress and spot blotch on chlorophyll fluorescence in a growth chamber study. Moffatt et al. (1990a,b) reported that wheat genotypes differed in chlorophyll fluorescence values and showed a high general combining ability for this trait.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical Efficiency and SPAD Value as Indirect Selection Criteria for Combined Selection of Spot Blotch and Terminal Heat Stress in Wheat

Rosyara

Subedi²,

Duveiller

et al. 2010

Journal of Phytopathology

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Terminal heat and spot blotch caused by Cochliobolus sativus are important stresses causing significant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield losses in the south Asian plains. Recent studies have shown that chlorophyllrelated traits are correlated with heat stress and spot blotch resistance in wheat. This study was conducted to evaluate leaf photochemical efficiency and leaf greenness (measured as SPAD value) for combined selection of spot blotch and terminal heat stress. The efficiency of photosystem II was measured as ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence, F v ⁄ F m , using chlorophyll fluorometer build on pulse modulation principle. The study was conducted in three spring wheat populations derived by crossing spot blotch-resistant wheat genotypes ÔMilan ⁄ Shanghai#7Õ, ÔChirya.3Õ and ÔNL971Õ with a susceptible cultivar ÔBL 1473Õ. The F 3 and F 4 generations were grown under natural epiphytotics of spot blotch either in optimal or in terminal heat stress conditions at Rampur, Nepal. The heritability (h 2 ) of F v ⁄ F m , SPAD measurements and their genetic correlation with 1000-kernel weight (TKW) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) were estimated. The h 2 estimates for F v ⁄ F m and SPAD measurements were moderate to high. In addition, AUDPC and TKW showed low to high genetic correlation with these traits. These findings suggest that F v ⁄ F m and SPAD measurements could be used as complementary traits in selecting for spot blotch resistance and heat tolerance in wheat.

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“…Hall (1992) considered that fluorescence properties are more suitable for screening than photosynthetic rates as the former reflect both time-integrated damage to PS II and time-integrated effects on photosynthetic rates . Chlorophyll fluorescence has been employed to screen for heat tolerance in potato (Smillie & Hetherington, 1990) and wheat (Moffat et al ., 1990) but the usefulness of the technique has not been examined in legumes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat tolerance in food legumes as evaluated by cell membrane thermostability and chlorophyll fluorescence techniques

1996

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The genotypic variation for heat tolerance in chickpea, groundnut, pigeonpea, and soya bean was evaluated by testing membrane stability and photosystem (PS II) function in leaves at high temperatures . The legumes could be ranked from heat-tolerant to sensitive in the order : groundnut, soya bean, pigeonpea and chickpea. The damage to cell membranes (as reflected by an increased leakage of electrolytes) and PS II (as reflected by a decrease in the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence) was less, and recovery from heat stress was faster in groundnut than in other crops . Prior exposure of plants to 35 °C for 24 h led to a reduced leakage of electrolytes at high temperatures in all crops but the differences among legumes were consistent . Substantial genotypic variation for heat tolerance was found in all legumes . Membrane injury was negatively associated with specific leaf weight in groundnut (r= -0 .69**) and soya bean (r= -0 .56**) but not in the pulses . Electrolyte leakage and fluorescence ratio were negatively correlated in all legumes . The potential use of electrolyte leakage and fluorescence tests as screening procedures for breeding heat-tolerant legumes is discussed .Abbreviations: RI -relative injury ; Fo -initial fluorescence ; Fm -maximum fluorescence ; Fv -variable fluorescence ; PS II -photosystem II ; PAR -photosynthetically active radiation

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Wheat High Temperature Tolerance During Reproductive Growth. II. Genetic Analysis of Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Water and Temperature Stress on the Temperature Dependence of the Reappearance of Variable Fluorescence following Illumination

Influence of Water and Temperature Stress on the Temperature Dependence of the Reappearance of Variable Fluorescence following Illumination

Photochemical Efficiency and SPAD Value as Indirect Selection Criteria for Combined Selection of Spot Blotch and Terminal Heat Stress in Wheat

Heat tolerance in food legumes as evaluated by cell membrane thermostability and chlorophyll fluorescence techniques

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