Wheat leaf senescence and its regulatory gene network

Sultana, Nigarin; Islam, Shahidul; Juhász, Angéla; Ma, Wujun

doi:10.1016/j.cj.2021.01.004

Cited by 47 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 237 publications

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“…Overall, this led to a positive heterosis for final protein yield and suggested hybrids broke down the negative balance between high yield and nitrogen metabolism involving less protein in grains [62] resulting in a better nitrogen use efficiency of hybrid genotypes compared to pure lines under the same level of nitrogen fertilization. It seems due to a better nitrogen absorption from the soil for hybrids while the remobilization is similar between hybrids and pure lines [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting Bread Wheat Heterosis through the Integration of Agronomic and Physiological Traits

Gimenez

Argillier²,

Pierre³

et al. 2021

Biology

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To meet the challenge of feeding almost 10 billion people by 2050, wheat yield has to double by 2050. However, over the past 20 years, yield increase has slowed down and even stagnated in the main producing countries. Following the example of maize, hybrids have been suggested as a solution to overcome yield stagnation in wheat. However, wheat heterosis is still limited and poorly understood. Gaining a better understanding of hybrid vigor holds the key to breed for better varieties. To this aim, we have developed and phenotyped for physiological and agronomic traits an incomplete factorial design consisting of 91 hybrids and their nineteen female and sixteen male parents. Monitoring the plant development with normalized difference vegetation index revealed that 89% of the hybrids including the five higher yielding hybrids had a longer grain filling phase with a delayed senescence that results in larger grain size. This average increase of 7.7% in thousand kernel weight translated to a positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield for 86% of hybrids. In addition, hybrids displayed a positive grain protein deviation leading to a +4.7% heterosis in protein yield. These results shed light on the physiological bases underlying yield heterosis in wheat, paving new ways to breed for better wheat hybrids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting Bread Wheat Heterosis through the Integration of Agronomic and Physiological Traits

Gimenez

Argillier²,

Pierre³

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…The grains were mainly kernel length in establishment in the early stage (rapid increase in grain size with little dry matter accumulation). In the rapid senescent period, canopy greenness or vigor decay were fast as the competition became fierce in the middle and late stage (milky ripe stage) due to grains requiring many photosynthates to accumulate solid content until the kernels achieve maximum dry weight and physical maturity [9,11]. For canopy greenness, vigor or green leaf area, they showed a slow decline in the early stage and rapid decline in the middle and late stages during wheat senescence [60].…”

Section: Indices Dynamic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wheat SG changes mainly occur from the anthesis to the maturity stage, followed by stem and leaf greenness fading and spike and grain maturity. However, wheat stay green is a complex biological phenomenon or dynamic quantitative trait, which is affected by multiple environmental factors, complicated genetic mechanisms, diversified senescence patterns, and changes in microscopic biochemical components during late development [9][10][11]. For wheat SG, precision screening and identification are difficult to achieve by traditional phenotyping methods (visual scoring, physiological and biochemical trait measurement, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of UAV RGB and Multispectral Imaging in Phenotyping for Stay Green of Wheat Population

Cao

Liu

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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High throughput phenotyping (HTP) for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stay green (SG) is expected in field breeding as SG is a beneficial phenotype for wheat high yield and environment adaptability. The RGB and multispectral imaging based on the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are widely popular multi-purpose HTP platforms for crops in the field. The purpose of this study was to compare the potential of UAV RGB and multispectral images (MSI) in SG phenotyping of diversified wheat germplasm. The multi-temporal images of 450 samples (406 wheat genotypes) were obtained and the color indices (CIs) from RGB and MSI and spectral indices (SIs) from MSI were extracted, respectively. The four indices (CIs in RGB, CIs in MSI, SIs in MSI, and CIs + SIs in MSI) were used to detect four SG stages, respectively, by machine learning classifiers. Then, all indices’ dynamics were analyzed and the indices that varied monotonously and significantly were chosen to calculate wheat temporal stay green rates (SGR) to quantify the SG in diverse genotypes. The correlations between indices’ SGR and wheat yield were assessed and the dynamics of some indices’ SGR with different yield correlations were tracked in three visual observed SG grades samples. In SG stage detection, classifiers best average accuracy reached 93.20–98.60% and 93.80–98.80% in train and test set, respectively, and the SIs containing red edge or near-infrared band were more effective than the CIs calculated only by visible bands. Indices’ temporal SGR could quantify SG changes on a population level, but showed some differences in the correlation with yield and in tracking visual SG grades samples. In SIs, the SGR of Normalized Difference Red-edge Index (NDRE), Red-edge Chlorophyll Index (CIRE), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in MSI showed high correlations with yield and could track visual SG grades at an earlier stage of grain filling. In CIs, the SGR of Normalized Green Red Difference Index (NGRDI), the Green Leaf Index (GLI) in RGB and MSI showed low correlations with yield and could only track visual SG grades at late grain filling stage and that of Norm Red (NormR) in RGB images failed to track visual SG grades. This study preliminarily confirms the MSI is more available and reliable than RGB in phenotyping for wheat SG. The index-based SGR in this study could act as HTP reference solutions for SG in diversified wheat genotypes.

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“…Here, we concluded that TaWRKY13-A also regulates leaf senescence by modulating JA biosynthesis, whereas whether TaWRKY13-A regulates leaf senescence in a comparable way with AtWRKY53 is needed to be determined in future. To data, as few regulators of leaf senescence have been characterized in wheat, whether the underlying mechanisms of phytohormones-related leaf senescence are similar to those in other model plants, such as Arabidopsis and rice, remain to be proved (Sultana et al, 2021 ). Collectively, we identified a novel activator of wheat leaf senescence, TaWRKY13-A, which accelerates leaf senescence by promoting JA biosynthesis, and is partially functional conserved with AtWRKY53 in age-dependent leaf senescence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the experimental data from B. distachyon are also significantly helpful to understand the mechanistic framework of leaf senescence in wheat. To date, as more and more detailed information on the wheat genome is available, researchers have identified some key components of different regulatory networks in wheat (Borrill et al, 2019 ; Sultana et al, 2021 ). NAM-B1 is reported to accelerate leaf senescence onset and promote nutrients redistribution (Uauy et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TaWRKY13-A Serves as a Mediator of Jasmonic Acid-Related Leaf Senescence by Modulating Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis

et al. 2021

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Leaf senescence is crucial for crop yield and quality. Transcriptional regulation is a key step for integrating various senescence-related signals into the nucleus. However, few regulators of senescence implicating transcriptional events have been functionally characterized in wheat. Based on our RNA-seq data, we identified a WRKY transcription factor, TaWRKY13-A, that predominately expresses at senescent stages. By using the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) method, we manifested impaired transcription of TaWRKY13-A leading to a delayed leaf senescence phenotype in wheat. Moreover, the overexpression (OE) of TaWRKY13-A accelerated the onset of leaf senescence under both natural growth condition and darkness in Brachypodium distachyon and Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, by physiological and molecular investigations, we verified that TaWRKY13-A participates in the regulation of leaf senescence via jasmonic acid (JA) pathway. The expression of JA biosynthetic genes, including AtLOX6, was altered in TaWRKY13-A-overexpressing Arabidopsis. We also demonstrated that TaWRKY13-A can interact with the promoter of AtLOX6 and TaLOX6 by using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and luciferase reporter system. Consistently, we detected a higher JA level in TaWRKY13-A-overexpressing lines than that in Col-0. Moreover, our data suggested that TaWRKY13-A is partially functional conserved with AtWRKY53 in age-dependent leaf senescence. Collectively, this study manifests TaWRKY13-A as a positive regulator of JA-related leaf senescence, which could be a new clue for molecular breeding in wheat.

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Wheat leaf senescence and its regulatory gene network

Cited by 47 publications

References 237 publications

Dissecting Bread Wheat Heterosis through the Integration of Agronomic and Physiological Traits

Dissecting Bread Wheat Heterosis through the Integration of Agronomic and Physiological Traits

A Comparison of UAV RGB and Multispectral Imaging in Phenotyping for Stay Green of Wheat Population

TaWRKY13-A Serves as a Mediator of Jasmonic Acid-Related Leaf Senescence by Modulating Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis

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