Wheeze, cough, atopy, and indoor environment in the Scottish Highlands

Austin, Jane; Russell, George

doi:10.1136/adc.76.1.22

Cited by 63 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…38 Other studies have also shown strong associations between home moves in families with young children to previously inhabited, centrally heated dwellings and the subsequent development of childhood asthma. 39,40 It is suggested that moving home at an early age increases the risk of developing asthma, or is associated with other more important risk factors, such as increased general mobility and hence exposure to viral infections. 38 Similarly, it is thought that an increase in residential mobility, as an indicator of deprivation and living in a damp home, may be more important in the etiology of asthma than exposure to any 1 individual allergen or pollutant 40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39,40 It is suggested that moving home at an early age increases the risk of developing asthma, or is associated with other more important risk factors, such as increased general mobility and hence exposure to viral infections. 38 Similarly, it is thought that an increase in residential mobility, as an indicator of deprivation and living in a damp home, may be more important in the etiology of asthma than exposure to any 1 individual allergen or pollutant 40 . Our study examined the number of residential moves only; we did not have information regarding the condition of residential properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residential Moving and Preventable Hospitalizations

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between moving home in the first year of life and subsequent emergency admissions for potentially preventable hospitalizations. METHODS:We undertook a cohort analysis of linked anonymized data on 237 842 children in the Welsh Electronic Cohort for Children. We included children born in Wales between April 1, 1999 and December 31, 2008. The exposure was the number of residential moves from birth up to 1 year. The main outcome was emergency admissions for potentially preventable hospitalizations (PPH) between the age of 1 and 5 years. RESULTS:After adjustment for confounders, we identified that moving home frequently in the first year of life was associated with an increased risk of emergency PPH between the ages of 1 and 5 when compared with not moving. We found significant differences associated with ≥2 moves for the following: ear, nose, and throat infections (incidence risk ratio [IRR], 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29-1.61); convulsions/epilepsy (IRR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.23-2.04); injuries (IRR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.18-1.51); dehydration/gastroenteritis (IRR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.21-1.88); asthma (IRR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.19-2.16); influenza/pneumonia (IRR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.00-1.32); and dental conditions (IRR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.03-1.64) for ≥1 moves. CONCLUSIONS:Children who move home in the first year of life are at substantially increased risk of emergency admissions for PPH in early childhood. Additional research that focuses on enhancing health and social support services for highly mobile families, educating parents about safety risks, and improving housing quality is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Moving and Preventable Hospitalizations

et al. 2016

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“…A number of studies have shown that exposing the foetus to the products of cigarette smoke leads to decreased lung function, increased risks of episodes of airway obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness in the newborn period [42][43][44][45][46]. In general, it appears that maternal smoking is more deleterious than paternal smoking, which is consistent with greater effects of prenatal exposure [46].…”

Section: Parental Smokingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prognosis of wheezing and asthma presenting in early childhood

Helms

Amin

2004

Breathe

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Key pointsChildhood asthma and wheezing illness encompass a wide clinical spectrum.Most children with asthma first present before the age of 3 years.Coexistent atopy and initial disease severity carry a poor long-term prognosis.A switch from male to female predominance occurs at puberty.Good prognostic factors include presentation before 2 years of age and exclusively virally induced episodes.CME article: educational aimsTo identify the different types of wheezing illness in asthma that present in childhood.To aid healthcare professionals in the discussion of medium- to long-term prognosis with parents of children presenting with wheezing illness.To place prophylactic therapy in the context of the natural history of the disease.SummaryChildhood asthma covers a wide spectrum, ranging from mild-intermittent to severe-persistent disease, with different natural histories. Female sex, age at presentation, atopic constitution, parental atopy, and severity and frequency of attacks can all be identified as risk factors for persistence into adult life, while others, including maternal smoking, prematurity and bronchiolitis of infancy, do not appear to be associated to such an extent. The use of prognostic features alongside assessment of disease severity should inform long-term clinical management and be useful in counselling the child and her/his family.

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“…Fig. 1 shows the odds ratios from the studies which have investigated an association between damp or mould in the home and wheeze in children (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39), and Fig. 2 shows the odds ratios for cough (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41).…”

Section: Association Between Indoor Damp or Mould Growth And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of damp and mould in the home on respiratory health: a review of the literature

Peat

Dickerson

1998

Allergy

283

164

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This review examines whether there is a direct or indirect relation between damp or mould in the home and respiratory health. Home dampness is thought to have health consequences because it has the potential to increase the proliferation of house‐dust mites and moulds, both of which are allergenic. The results from the many studies conducted to investigate whether damp and mould are associated with health outcomes are diffecult to compare because the methods of measuring exposures and helth outcomes have not been standardized. However, the studies that have been conducted in children are probably the most reliable because the confounding effects of active smoking or occupational exposures are absent, and because the presence of symptoms of cough and wheeze have been consistently investigated in many studies. The increased risk of children having these symptoms if the home has damp or mould is fairly small with an odds ratio that is generally in the range 1.5–3.5, these estimates being statistically significant when the sample size has been large enough. This range is consistent with the measured effects of other environmental exposures which are considered important to helth, such as environmental tobacco smoke or outdoor air pollutants. The potential benefits or reducing mould in the home have not been investigated, and the few studies that have investigated health improvement as a result of increasing ventilation or reducing damp in order to reduce house‐dust mite levels suggest that this intervention is expensive, requires a large commitment, and is unlikely to be successful in the long term. This implies that houses need to be specifically designed for primary prevention of respiratory problems associated with indoor allergen proliferation rather than using post hoc procedures to improve indoor climate and reduce allergen load as a secondary or tertiary preventive strategy.

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Wheeze, cough, atopy, and indoor environment in the Scottish Highlands

Cited by 63 publications

References 26 publications

Residential Moving and Preventable Hospitalizations

Residential Moving and Preventable Hospitalizations

Prognosis of wheezing and asthma presenting in early childhood

Effects of damp and mould in the home on respiratory health: a review of the literature

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