When and how the law is effective in reducing the practice of FGM/C: A cross-border study in Burkina Faso and Mali

Wouango, Joséphine; Ostermann, Susan L.; Mwanga, Daniel

doi:10.31899/rh12.1025

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…2021). Where cross‐border dynamics in FGM are evident, international coordination and common mechanisms are essential to effectively target high‐prevalence areas (Wouango, Ostermann, and Mwanga 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, FGM hot spots are not bound by international borders, thwarting national programs (Diop et al 2006) and regulations limiting state capacity to implement laws banning FGM (Meroka-Mutua et al 2021). Where cross-border dynamics in FGM are evident, international coordination and common mechanisms are essential to effectively target high-prevalence areas (Wouango, Ostermann, and Mwanga 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatial Clustering in Temporal Trends of Female Genital Mutilation Risk: Leveraging Sparse Data in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia

Weny

Silva

Diop

et al. 2023

Studies in Family Planning

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Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a harmful practice rooted in gender inequality. Its elimination is part of national and international agendas including the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Understanding its geographical evolution is crucial for targeted programming. However, due to sparse data, it is challenging to establish international comparability and statistical reliability. Data on FGM is observed at different points in time and periodicity across countries and in contexts with varying age‐risk patterns, all of which can be a source of inaccurate and biased estimates. We perform an exemplary analysis, drawing on survival and complex survey analysis in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. This novel approach addresses measurement challenges specific to FGM data and produces an internationally comparable indicator—the probability of not experiencing FGM by age 20. We pinpoint the onset of statistically significant FGM decline at the subnational level from cohorts born in the 1970s until the 1990s. In the same period, we observe no decline in FGM risk across regions clustered around international borders and increasing subnational inequalities within countries. Our methods thus provide crucial insights into the geographical pattern of temporal trends in FGM risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%