When and why Conventions cannot Be Social Institutions

Zachník, Vojtěch

doi:10.1007/s11406-019-00125-0

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The idea of social norms sustaining cooperative behavior in the human group is well established (Ulmann-Margalit 1977; Sugden 1986; Bicchieri 2006), along with the support for the role of punishment in those interactions (Fehr and Fischbacher 2004; Herrman, Thöni, and Gächter 2008; Baumard 2010; Bone, Silva, and Raihani 2014). In general, theorists across multiple disciplines agree that cooperation and coordination interactions are the cornerstones of the institutionally complex social reality represented by many everyday cases, such as the law, traffic rules, or property rights (Bowles 2004; Gintis 2010; Guala 2016, Zachník 2020). Nonetheless, it is an open question of what kinds of individuals may participate in these interactions and how they influence the outcome (Tomasello 2020b).…”

Section: Foundational Model Of Agent Types In Social Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Norms and Agent Types: Bridging the Gap Between the Theoretical Models and Their Applications

Zachník

2023

Philosophy of the Social Sciences

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The paper presents a novel view of social norms that reflects the importance of different agent types, their specific motivations and roles. How one identifies with a role and behavioral options available to the agent is crucial for the sustainability of the social norms. The analysis of a simple case of social norm is suggested as a default model for analysis, and then the classification of subjects, enforcers, and audience is introduced. This triangular typology of agents is extended by introducing a network of interlocking patterns underlying social behavior. Lastly, the paper describes two categories of transgressions based on misidentification.

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Section: Foundational Model Of Agent Types In Social Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Norms and Agent Types: Bridging the Gap Between the Theoretical Models and Their Applications

Zachník

2023

Philosophy of the Social Sciences

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“…Например, услышавший просьбу о помощи должен не только поверить, что другой в беде, но и реально попытаться оказать ему помощь [8:29].Одна из важнейших проблем, в контексте которой обсуждается понятие конвенции, заключается в объяснении сущности социальных институтов и норм. Так, Войтех Захник утверждает, что социальные институты, понимаются ли они как совокупность правил или как состояния равновесия в теории игр, не могут быть сведены к конвенциям, потому что в первом случае не объясняется нормативная составляющая правил, а во втором не объясняется основание выбора между альтернативными вариантами равновесия[9]. С другой стороны, Марцин Матчак утверждает, что конвенционализм в принципе может объяснить нормативность закона.…”

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David Lewis's сonvention and its contemporary perception

Serikov

2023

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya

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Aim to clarify the concept of social convention and the philosophical ideas associated with it as proposed by David Lewis and his contemporary critics, as well as to analyze the applicability of these ideas to the study of implicit rules of human behavior. Material and methods. We analyzed the works of D. Lewis "Convention: A Philosophical Study", "Languages and Language", as well as the works of contemporary authors who critically start from the concept of convention by Lewis in their research: R.G. Millikan, V. Zachnk, M. Matczak, I.F. Deviatko, B. Skyrms, B. Celano and others. Results. One of the main problems with understanding everyday behavior and speech as based on social convention by Lewis is the problem of determining the regularities of behavior. Lewis believes that conventions emerge from the preferences of some people based on the knowledge that others understand language and the world in general in the same way they do. But if each native speaker has in mind some own unique meaning, this does not prevent the appearance of an illusion of understanding, which in a sense leads to true understanding. It is the same for behavior: it is not very important how different participants of the interaction understand the rules of behavior, some result will still take place and everything will look as if the participants have assumed in advance according to what rules they themselves and their partners are going to act. Conclusion. The idea of conventionality can be used to explain the grammar of behavior, if supplemented with the understanding that real natural signs are always "ill defined". A realistic theory of conventions should assume that signaling systems, languages, ideas about possible situations and behaviors coincide only partially among representatives of the population in which the convention is maintained, which does not prevent either communication or other coordinated behavior.

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When and why Conventions cannot Be Social Institutions

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Social Norms and Agent Types: Bridging the Gap Between the Theoretical Models and Their Applications

Social Norms and Agent Types: Bridging the Gap Between the Theoretical Models and Their Applications

David Lewis's сonvention and its contemporary perception

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