When children aren't more logical than adults: An empirical investigation of lying by falsely implicating

Antomo, Mailin; Müller, Susanne; Paul, Katharina; Paluch, Markus; Thalmann, Maik

doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2018.09.010

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The mean rating for the literally true but deceptive-implicature-including sentences was 3.2 and below the midpoint of the scale (4), indicating that these were considered to be lies, but not full-fledged lies. Antomo et al (2018) found similar results. They presented 30 participants with uncontroversial cases of lying (intentionally false assertions) and deceptive implicatures.…”

Section: Empirical Studies On Deceptive Implicaturessupporting

confidence: 62%

Lying, Deceptive Implicatures, and Commitment

Wiegmann¹,

Willemsen²,

Meibauer³

2021

Preprint

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Deceptive implicatures are a subtle communicative device for leading someone into a false belief. However, it is widely accepted that deceiving by means of deceptive implicature does not amount to lying. In this paper, we put this claim to the empirical test and present evidence that the traditional definition of lying might be too narrow to capture the folk concept of lying. Four hundred participants were presented with fourteen vignettes containing utterances that communicate conversational implicatures which the speaker believes to be false. We further collected several potential proxy measures of lying, to get a better understanding of when a deceptive implicature is considered a case of lying. The results indicate that most implicatures (ten out of fourteen) were evaluated as lies and that lie ratings were closely tracked by the degree to which speakers were considered to have committed themselves to the truth of the content conveyed by their deceptive implicatures.

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Section: Empirical Studies On Deceptive Implicaturessupporting

confidence: 62%

Lying, Deceptive Implicatures, and Commitment

Wiegmann¹,

Willemsen²,

Meibauer³

2021

Preprint

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“…In line with these findings, Viebahn et al (in press) investigated four deceptive PCIs and found none of these to be classified as lies by participants. However, Antomo, Müller, Paul, Paluch, and Thalmann (2018), Or, Ariel, and Peleg (2017), Wiegmann and Willemsen (2017), and Wiegmann and Meibauer (ms) all found participants to judge the majority of deceptive implicatures investigated in their respective studies to be lies (including GCIs and PCIs), indicating that it might be possible to lie with deceptive implicatures after all.…”

Section: Theoretical and Empirical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is Lying Bound to Commitment? Empirically Investigating Deceptive Presuppositions, Implicatures, and Actions

Reins

Wiegmann

2021

Cognitive Science

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Lying is an important moral phenomenon that most people are affected by on a daily basis—be it in personal relationships, in political debates, or in the form of fake news. Nevertheless, surprisingly little is known about what actually constitutes a lie. According to the traditional definition of lying, a person lies if they explicitly express something they believe to be false. Consequently, it is often assumed that people cannot lie by more indirectly communicating believed‐false claims, for instance by merely conversationally implicating them. In this paper, we subject this claim to an empirical test. In a preregistered study of 300 participants, we investigate how people judge cases of implicit deceptions that would usually be excluded by the traditional definition of lying (i.e., conversational implicatures, presuppositions, and nonverbal actions). Our results show that people do in fact consider it possible to lie by indirect means, suggesting that people have a broader concept of lying than is usually assumed. Moreover, our findings indicate that lie judgments are closely tied to the extent to which agents are perceived as having committed themselves to the believed‐false claims they have communicated. We discuss the implications of our results for the traditional definition of lying and propose a new commitment‐based definition of lying that can account for the findings of our experiment.

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“…Antomo, Müller, Paul, Paluch, and Thalmann () also found evidence supporting the idea that deceptive implicatures can be seen as lies. In their experiment, they manipulated the deceptiveness (deceptive vs. non‐deceptive) and the directness of the utterance (assertion vs. mplicatures) and asked participants to evaluate several items of each combination with regard to the question of whether the agent lied .…”

Section: Empirical Studies On the Concept Of Lyingmentioning

confidence: 66%

The folk concept of lying

Wiegmann

Meibauer

2019

Philosophy Compass

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Lying is a familiar and important concept for virtually all of us, and philosophers have written a lot about what it means to lie. Although it is commonly accepted that an adequate definition of lying captures people's use and understanding of this concept, there have been surprisingly few empirical studies on it. n recent years, however, there is a trend emerging to remedy this lacuna. In this paper, we provide an overview of these studies. Starting from a widely accepted philosophical definition of lying, we focus on the following three questions: Is an intention to deceive required for lying? Is it possible to lie despite saying something true? Can you lie by falsely implicating?

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When children aren't more logical than adults: An empirical investigation of lying by falsely implicating

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Lying, Deceptive Implicatures, and Commitment

Lying, Deceptive Implicatures, and Commitment

Is Lying Bound to Commitment? Empirically Investigating Deceptive Presuppositions, Implicatures, and Actions

The folk concept of lying

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