When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis

Newbury, Chloe Rhianne; Monaghan, Padraic

doi:10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4

Cited by 30 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…By suggesting that retrieval procedure moderates the sleep benefit for single words and word pairs, our findings are in line with a recent meta-analysis that focused on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm (Roediger & McDermott, 1995). Newbury and Monaghan (2019) observed a significant moderator effect of recall versus recognition for correctly remembered words;…”

Section: Specific Predictions Of Interference Theoriessupporting

confidence: 91%

The Sleep Benefit in Episodic Memory: An Integrative Review and a Meta-Analysis

Berres¹,

Erdfelder²

2022

Preprint

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People recall more information after sleep than after an equally long period of wakefulness. This sleep benefit in episodic memory has been documented in almost a century of research. However, an integrative review of hypothesized underlying processes, a comprehensive quantification of the benefit, and a systematic investigation of potential moderators has been missing so far. Here, we address these issues by analyzing 823 effect sizes from 271 independent samples that were reported in 177 articles published between 1967 and 2019. Using multilevel meta-regressions with robust variance estimates, we found a moderate overall sleep benefit in episodic memory (g = 0.44). Moderator analyses revealed four important findings: First, the sleep benefit is larger when stimuli are studied multiple times instead of just once. Second, for word materials, the effect size depends on the retrieval procedure: It is largest in free recall, followed by cued recall and recognition tasks. Third, the sleep benefit is stronger in pre-post difference measures of retention than in delayed memory tests. Fourth, sleep benefits are larger for natural sleep and nighttime naps than foralternative sleep-study designs (e.g., SWS-deprived sleep, daytime naps). Although there was no obvious evidence for selective reporting, it is a potential threat to the validity of the results. When accounting for selective reporting bias, the overall effect of sleep on episodic memory is reduced but still significant (g = 0.28). We argue that our results support an integrative, multi-causal theoretical account of sleep-induced episodic memory benefits and provide guidance to increase their replicability.

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Section: Specific Predictions Of Interference Theoriessupporting

confidence: 91%

The Sleep Benefit in Episodic Memory: An Integrative Review and a Meta-Analysis

Berres¹,

Erdfelder²

2022

Preprint

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“…As successful discrimination between true and false memories requires proper memory encoding and retrieval, proper functioning in brain areas such as the PFC is imperative to performance on false memory paradigms. Of note, studies have implicated sleep as another factor involved in memory consolidation (Payne et al, 2009;Newbury and Monaghan, 2019), and multiple studies have investigated HRV and its relation to sleep and sleep disorder (see Stein and Pu, 2012 for a review), identifying another potential pathway connecting HRV and potential development of false memories.…”

Section: False Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting state heart rate variability and false memories

Feeling

Williams

Speller

et al. 2021

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Recent studies have shown higher resting-state vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) to be related to greater memory retrieval. Research has not yet linked resting vmHRV with memory encoding and retrieval, as both are thought to play an important role in correctly distinguishing between true and false memories. The current study investigated this possible link in n = 71 undergraduate students. VmHRV was assessed during a 5minute resting baseline period. Participants then completed the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task, where they first viewed 6 word lists (12 words per list), and were later asked to identify previously shown words (true memories) and reject non-presented words. Results showed that participants with lower resting vmHRV were less able to discriminate true from false items. These data extend previous work on resting vmHRV and memory suggesting that resting vmHRV represents a psychophysiological pathway involved in both the proper encoding and retrieval of memories.

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“…Given such a phenomenon of high prevalence, considerable efforts have been dedicated in recent decades to empirically exploring how memory processes are distorted by a variety of factors. In addition to factors associated with features intrinsic to memory tasks, the available literature suggests that memory processes are sensitive to social contexts in which memory processes occur (Barnier, Sutton, Harris, & Wilson, 2008;Bless, Strack, & Walther, 2001;Bookbinder & Brainerd, 2016;Echterhoff & Hirst, 2009;Newbury & Monaghan, 2019;Weldon, 2000;Wyer & Srull, 1986), even though substantially less research has focused on addressing this issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does social competition affect true and false recognition?

Liu

2020

Psychon Bull Rev

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Memory is highly susceptible to distortions, which can exert serious consequences in daily life. Despite this, we still know little about the role of factors that comprise social contexts in which memory processes occur. In the present study, we attempted to address this issue by examining how social competition influences true and false recognition. Participants performed a version of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm designed to lure them into producing both true and false recognition either in competition against or independently of another person. We found that participants in the competition group showed lower levels of true and false recognition than those in the control group. Signal-detection analyses revealed that participants in both groups showed equivalent memory sensitivity for true recognition, while those in the competition group exhibited a decreased sensitivity for false recognition, which implies enhanced item-specific encoding during social competition. Moreover, participants in the competition group showed a more conservative response bias for both true and false recognition at retrieval than those in the control group, indicating a shift towards conservatism in decision strategy for both true and false recognition during social competition. The results provide compelling evidence for a decision-based reduction of true recognition and both encoding-based and decision-based reductions of false recognition under competitive contexts. Therefore, these novel findings may have implications both for understanding the powerful role of social competition on true and false memories and for understanding the potential role of social competition on other aspects of memory processes.

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When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis

Cited by 30 publications

References 51 publications

The Sleep Benefit in Episodic Memory: An Integrative Review and a Meta-Analysis

The Sleep Benefit in Episodic Memory: An Integrative Review and a Meta-Analysis

Resting state heart rate variability and false memories

How does social competition affect true and false recognition?

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