When Does the Amount We Pay Research Participants Become “Undue Influence”?

Williams, Erin P.; Walter, Jennifer K.

doi:10.1001/journalofethics.2015.17.12.ecas2-1512

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Finally, there is a long history of debate and exploration over what is appropriate and acceptable compensation to incentivise participation in evaluations, as well as when incentivising crosses a line and becomes coercion. 36 We looked at frequency and levels of compensation for remote evaluations to explore whether these are BMJ Global Health in line with current parameters around ethical compensation. Nine of the 14 included studies reported some use of compensation, with amounts ranging from $10 to $50 per round of data collection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote evaluations of violence against women and girls interventions: a rapid scoping review of tools, ethics and safety

et al. 2021

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Although programmes and policies targeting violence against women and girls (VAWG) have increased in the past decade, there is a paucity of evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions. To expand this evidence base, researchers increasingly employ remote data collection (RDC)—including online surveys, mobile applications and telephone interviews—in their evaluations. Although RDC allows for evaluations without in-person interactions—which are restricted during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic— information about these methods is necessary to understand their potential usefulness and limitations. This scoping review examines remote evaluations of VAWG interventions to describe the landscape of RDC methods, reflect on safety and ethical considerations, and offer best practices for RDC in VAWG research. Fourteen studies met eligibility criteria, with seven, five, and two studies employing telephone interviews, online surveys, and mobile applications, respectively. Studies commonly stated that participants were asked to use a safe email or device, but the method for verifying such safety was rarely specified. Best practices around safety included creating a ‘quick escape’ button for online data collection to use when another individual was present, explaining to participants how to erase browsing history and application purchases, and asking participants to specify a safe time for researchers to call. Only eight studies established referral pathways for respondents as per best practice. None of the eligible studies took place in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) or humanitarian settings, likely reflecting the additional challenges to using RDC methods in lower resource settings. Findings were used to create a best practice checklist for programme evaluators and Institutional Review Boards using RDC for VAWG interventions. The authors found that opportunities exist for researchers to safely and effectively use RDC methodologies to gather VAWG data, but that further study is needed to gauge the feasibility of these methods in LMICs and humanitarian settings.

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confidence: 99%

Remote evaluations of violence against women and girls interventions: a rapid scoping review of tools, ethics and safety

et al. 2021

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“…One study provided families with a $15 moratorium ( Klebanoff et al, 2019 ), although the rationale for doing so was not discussed in the study. Although ethics guidelines do not prohibit payments to study subjects, these financial issues should be considered in the context of “undue influence” and “coercion” ( Williams and Walter, 2015 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Alliance in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Child and Adolescent Mental Health-Current Trends and Future Challenges

Fernandes

2022

Front. Psychol.

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This extended literature review proposes to present the trends in the therapeutic alliance, outcomes, and measures in the last decade within the premises of individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and its innovations, used as an interventional measure in the context of child and adolescent mental health setting. A brief background of the rationale for conducting this literature search is presented at the start. This is followed by the methodology and design which incorporates the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the basis for the same. The critical appraisal of the primary studies is presented in the literature review section with a brief description of the summary features of the studies in the study tables followed by the results and discussion of the study findings. To summarise, the literature review of primary studies conducted in the last decade demonstrates the need for further research to be conducted both in the field of CBT in children and therapeutic alliance, competence, and therapy outcomes, integrating perspectives in child development, carer alliance, and the social construct theory in children, to allow for further innovations in CBT in the context of increasing challenges in the current times of exponentially developing technology and its utility without compromising the quality of therapy. In conclusion, recommendations are made as a guideline for future studies and research in this field.

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“…Therefore, how to determine "time-cost" for participating in a research study is not straightforward and researchers could benefit by seeking input from community advisory boards to balance issues of coercion and undue influence in the face of social determinants of health. It may be prudent to consider a sliding scale for compensation whereby lowincome populations receive higher compensation rates to overcome additional barriers to participation (Williams & Walter, 2015).…”

Section: Incentivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recruitment and retention of underrepresented and vulnerable populations to research

Langer

Castro

Chen

et al. 2021

Public Health Nursing

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Per principles outlined in the Belmont Report, research involving human subjects should minimize risks to participants and maximize benefits to participants and society. Recruitment of participants should be equitable. Once enrolled, participants have the right to withdraw at any point. Researchers must balance these principles with pressures to meet enrollment goals and, in the context of repeated‐measures designs, retain participants across time. The purpose of this perspective is to describe the approach and corresponding activities for recruiting and retaining underrepresented and vulnerable populations that are the focus of a transdisciplinary academic research center. To this effort, we offer diverse disciplinary backgrounds, experience working with a wide range of populations (from infants to older adults and across multiple health conditions), and spanning a variety of research designs. Effective strategies offered include partnering with community entities, approaching potential participants where they are and at a time of readiness, using population‐appropriate modes of communication and data collection, conducting study activities in familiar settings and at convenient times, maintaining frequent contact, and offering meaningful incentives. These strategies are consistent with population‐specific reports found in the extant literature and underscore their cross‐cutting nature, with adaptations based on participant and community partner needs and preferences.

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When Does the Amount We Pay Research Participants Become “Undue Influence”?

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Remote evaluations of violence against women and girls interventions: a rapid scoping review of tools, ethics and safety

Remote evaluations of violence against women and girls interventions: a rapid scoping review of tools, ethics and safety

Therapeutic Alliance in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Child and Adolescent Mental Health-Current Trends and Future Challenges

Recruitment and retention of underrepresented and vulnerable populations to research

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