When Fatigue Turns Deadly: The Association Between Fatigue and Racial Bias in the Decision to Shoot

Debbie, S.; Correll, Joshua; Wittenbrink, Bernd; Bar‐Anan, Yoav; Narayanan, Sriram; Nosek, Brian A.

doi:10.1080/01973533.2013.840630

Cited by 78 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indeed, previous research has demonstrated that fatigue and working memory are both important predictors of shooting behavior in similar tasks (Kleider & Parrott, 2009; Kleider, Parrott, & King, 2010; Ma, Correll, Wittenbrink, Bar-Anan, Sriram, & Nosek, 2013). In particular, one study demonstrated that reduced working memory capacity is related to decreased performance on a shooting task among police officers, but only for officers experiencing heightened negative arousal following a threat-eliciting video (Kleider et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threat perception after the Boston Marathon bombings: The effects of personal relevance and conceptual framing

Wormwood

Lynn

Barrett

et al. 2015

Cognition and Emotion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined how the Boston Marathon bombings affected threat perception in the Boston community. In a threat perception task, participants attempted to “shoot” armed targets and avoid shooting unarmed targets. Participants viewing images of the bombings accompanied by affectively negative music and text (e.g., “Terror Strikes Boston”) made more false alarms (i.e., more errors “shooting” unarmed targets) compared to participants viewing the same images accompanied by affectively positive music and text (e.g., “Boston Strong”) and participants who did not view bombing images. This difference appears to be driven by decreased sensitivity (i.e., decreased ability to distinguish guns from non-guns) as opposed to a more liberal bias (i.e., favoring the “shoot” response). Additionally, the more strongly affected the participant was by the bombings, the more their sensitivity was reduced in the negatively-framed condition, suggesting that this framing was particularly detrimental to the most vulnerable individuals in the affected community.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threat perception after the Boston Marathon bombings: The effects of personal relevance and conceptual framing

Wormwood

Lynn

Barrett

et al. 2015

Cognition and Emotion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, when placed under conditions of high cognitive load, police officers showed levels of shooter bias that were similar to those exhibited by civilians (Correll, Wittenbrink, Axt, Goyle, & Miyake, ). Similarly, decreased sleep the night before, which can interfere with cognitive functioning, was related to increases in shooter bias in a sample of police recruits (Ma et al., ). Thus, conditions that police officers are likely to confront when on duty offset any reduction in bias provided by their training.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Racial Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System: Prevalence, Causes, and a Search for Solutions

Kovera

2019

Journal of Social Issues

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Racial disparities in the criminal justice system are well documented and widespread. The present review examines racial disparities in three areas of the system: policing, prison populations, and participation on juries. Some, but not all, of these disparities may be the result of implicit racial bias. Even if the disparities are caused by implicit racial bias, given the number of people involved in the decision making that results in these disparities and the difficulty in training people to overcome implicit bias, interventions designed to eliminate disparities by reducing implicit racial bias may fail. Instead, policies designed to constrain the operation of implicit and/or explicit bias or that eliminate (or at a minimum reduce) problematic outcomes for everyone, regardless of race, may be more effective at reducing racial disparities than are interventions designed to eliminate implicit bias.

show abstract

“…Several studies have found that public sector workers rely more on stereotypes following stressful situations. For instance, police recruits show higher levels of racial bias after a night of poor sleep (Ma et al ). Similarly, physicians show higher levels of implicit racial bias after a highly stressful or dangerously overcrowded shift than before (Johnson et al ).…”

Section: Employment Discrimination In the Public Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Good Performance Reduce Bad Behavior? Antecedents of Ethnic Employment Discrimination in Public Organizations

Guul

Villadsen

Wulff

2019

Public Administration Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Equal treatment is a key feature of modern bureaucracy. However, several studies have shown that public organizations discriminate against ethnic and racial minorities to different degrees. Which organizational features explain differences in discrimination is largely unknown. This article proposes that organizational performance relates to an organization's likelihood of engaging in employment discrimination and argues that poor‐performing organizations tend to be less open to new ideas and that decision makers in such organizations are more prone to stereotyping behavior. The study combines a field experiment in which applications were sent to real job vacancies in 71 Danish public schools with administrative data on the schools. Bayesian analyses show that minority applicants generally faced discrimination but that they experienced a higher callback rate from better‐performing schools than from poorer‐performing schools. Implications for practice and research are discussed.

show abstract

When Fatigue Turns Deadly: The Association Between Fatigue and Racial Bias in the Decision to Shoot

Cited by 78 publications

References 36 publications

Threat perception after the Boston Marathon bombings: The effects of personal relevance and conceptual framing

Threat perception after the Boston Marathon bombings: The effects of personal relevance and conceptual framing

Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System: Prevalence, Causes, and a Search for Solutions

Does Good Performance Reduce Bad Behavior? Antecedents of Ethnic Employment Discrimination in Public Organizations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About