When Interdependence Produces Conflict: EU–Russia Energy Relations as a Security Dilemma

The European Union, Russia and the Post-Soviet Space: Shared Neighbourhood, Battleground or Transit Zone on the New Silk Road?

“…Second, increasing economic and even political ties were not necessarily a guarantee that rivalry and mistrust could be overcome. Indeed, they could even be a source of tension, as continues to be the case with energy (Krickovic 2015). The fact of economic ties in itself did not eliminate different understandings of their nature and political meaning (Kazharski & Makarychev 2015).…”

The Outcome of Directive 2009/73/EC Amendment on EU’s Natural Gas Security

“…In fact, interdependency has not worked since each side has been worried that the future interdependence will become asymmetrical. Therefore, none of the sides "can reduce their own dependence without also threatening to increase the dependence of the other side and as a result, the relationship looks like a classic security dilemma-where neither side can improve its own security without threatening the security of the other side" (Krickovic, 2015).…”

Strategijska kultura kao faktor definisanja energetske politike Evropske unije i Ruske federacije

“…17 Од јануара 2019. на снази је нова енергетска политика која је дефинисана за Европску унију, за неодређени период. 18 Енергетска политика Европске уније је заснована на три основне поставке: повећање конкурентности, сигурност снабдевања енергентима и заштита животне средине. Предвиђено је да се наведени циљеви остваре, пре свега интеграцијом тржишта, смањењем увозне зависности, промоцијом одрживог развоја и подршком истраживањима и развоју нових технологија.…”

“…Kovačić, Z & Di Felice LJ "Complexity, uncertainty and ambiguity: Implications for European Union energy governance", Energy Research & Social Science, 53, 2019, pp. 159-169 18. The White Paper: An Energy Policy for the European Union, laying down the guidelines for Energy policy over the next years, 2019 19.…”