When is affect variability bad for health? The association between affect variability and immune response to the influenza vaccination

Jenkins, Brooke N.; Hunter, Judy; Cross, Marie P.; Acevedo, Amanda M.; Pressman, Sarah D.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.11.002

Cited by 35 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Further, variation in PA related to daily stressors has been associated with peripheral inflammation (Sin et al, 2015). Research examining emotional variability or reactivity, or research utilizing a stress-buffering lens (e.g., Blevins et al, 2017; Jenkins, Hunter, Cross, Acevedo, & Pressman, 2018), may be needed to better understand the importance of PA on inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative and positive affect as predictors of inflammation: Timing matters

Graham‐Engeland

Sin

Smyth

et al. 2018

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Very little research has assessed how measures of negative and positive affect (NA and PA) derived from assessments at multiple time points per day (e.g., via ecological momentary assessment [EMA]), as opposed to questionnaires that rely on recall over a longer period, are related to levels of peripheral inflammation. We examined how different indicators of NA and PA predicted concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and seven peripheral inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ) that were examined in the form of an inflammatory composite. A community-based sample of 220 adults (62% Black/African-American and 25% Hispanic/Latino; aged 25-65; 65% female) completed questionnaires at baseline (including recalled affect "over the past month") and then provided EMA reports 5x/day for 14 days. Blood was drawn from each participant after completion of EMA and used to determine plasma levels of CRP and cytokines. Analyses examined if indicators of affect predicted inflammation, controlling for age, gender, body mass index, education, health conditions, and statin use. Neither recalled NA or PA nor momentary NA or PA (aggregated across the 14 days of EMA) were significantly associated with the cytokine composite or CRP. Negative mood more proximal to the blood draw (i.e., aggregated momentary NA in week 2 of EMA) was associated with the cytokine composite but not CRP. Exploratory moderation analyses revealed that the cytokine composite was also associated with PA in week 2 for men only, and with recalled NA for those with lower education. Exploratory analyses around temporal dynamics suggested that the timing of NA measurement relative to the blood draw mattered: Specifically, there were stronger trends of association between momentary NA and inflammatory cytokines when NA was assessed closer in time to blood collection. Future investigation of the relevance of temporal proximity and other measurement details may improve understanding of how affect relates to inflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative and positive affect as predictors of inflammation: Timing matters

Graham‐Engeland

Sin

Smyth

et al. 2018

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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“…Although the literature is relatively new and is focused on mental health (e.g., Gruber, Kogan, Quoidbach, & Mauss, 2013), we recently showed that PA variability is associated with a health-relevant physiological outcome: antibody response to vaccination. Specifically, we found that individuals who were both high in mean PA and high in PA variability had a lower antibody response to influenza vaccination than those who were high in mean PA but low in PA variability (Jenkins, Hunter, Cross, Acevedo, & Pressman, 2018). Thus, while average affect captures information meaningful for health, average dynamics of affect may also matter.…”

Section: Pa Measurement Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Moving Beyond a One-Size-Fits-All View of Positive Affect in Health Research

Pressman

Cross

2018

Curr Dir Psychol Sci

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Although the literature that connects positive affect (PA) to health has exploded over the last 20 years, the approach to studying this topic has remained simplistic. Specifically, researchers overwhelmingly rely on the principle that all PA is healthful, all of the time. Here, we review recent studies indicating that a more nuanced approach is valuable. In particular, we demonstrate that a more thoughtful approach to factors such as arousal, culture, timing, and measurement type results in a more complex picture of when PA is helpful and when it is not. Taking these issues into account also has implications for the types of mechanisms underlying these associations, as well as how other moderators might operate. Thus, we argue that considering these gradations will allow researchers to develop successful and theoretically based health interventions, untangle mixed findings, and enable a deeper understanding of the connection between PA and health.

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“…It might also change negative health behaviors, but generally, the mechanisms underlying why frequent ups and downs in affect might be harmful are unstudied. It is also beneficial to consider interactions between variability and mean levels of PA, with implications for health (e.g., Jenkins et al 2018a;Ong & Ram 2017). Further, novel approaches may be needed to deal with the possibility that certain types of patterning of PA (e.g., patterns of change that repeat) may matter (Jenkins 2017).…”

Section: Statistical and Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Affect and Health: What Do We Know and Where Next Should We Go?

Pressman

Jenkins

Moskowitz

2019

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

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348

269

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Positive affect (PA) is associated with better health across a wide range of physical health outcomes. This review reflects on why the study of PA is an essential component of our understanding of physical health and expands on pathways that connect these two variables. To encourage forward movement in this burgeoning research area, measurement and design issues in the study of PA and health are discussed, as are the connections between PA and a range of different health outcomes. Plausible biological, social, and behavioral pathways that allow for positive feelings to get under the skin and influence physical wellness are detailed and framed in the context of several theoretical models. Finally, new directions for the field and important methodological and interpretative considerations that are essential to moving this important research area forward are explored.

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When is affect variability bad for health? The association between affect variability and immune response to the influenza vaccination

Cited by 35 publications

References 50 publications

Negative and positive affect as predictors of inflammation: Timing matters

Negative and positive affect as predictors of inflammation: Timing matters

Moving Beyond a One-Size-Fits-All View of Positive Affect in Health Research

Positive Affect and Health: What Do We Know and Where Next Should We Go?

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