When Is Being Sad on the Burn Unit Pathological? Differential Diagnosis of Demoralization, Adjustment Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder in Burn Survivors

Abstract

Many burn survivors have pre-existing psychiatric conditions or develop psychological or psychiatric symptoms over the course of their hospital stay. Patients often present with low mood and neurovegetative symptoms which can be conceptualized as demoralization, adjustment disorder, or major depressive disorder. We review the literature on these syndromes in burn survivors and present three cases that highlight the continuum of these syndromes for patients who present with symptoms of depression following a burn injury. We discuss the clinical challenges of differentiating these syndromes as well as psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacologic considerations and recommendations.

The effectiveness of the psychosocial empowerment program in early adjustment among adult burn survivors

“…As medical advancements in burn care have improved survival rates, there is a parallel need for robust rehabilitation programs that address the psychosocial aftermath for survivor’s post-discharge [ 11 – 13 ]. Approximately one-third of major burn survivors report substantial psychosocial symptoms after hospital discharge, encompassing a spectrum of issues such as fear, anger, body image disturbances, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and social isolation [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Effect of Eye Movement Exercise on Pain and Sleep Quality among Patients with Burn

“…The high rates of death, morbidity, and social and economic costs in society are caused by the high prevalence of burns and serious injuries. It is seen as a traumatic event linked to changes in the body, mind, and social structure, including symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, sadness, pain, sleeplessness, and exhaustion (Beal, Lerman, & Leppla, 2022;Burgess et al, 2022).…”