When noise decreases deterministic diffusion

Wackerbauer, Renate

doi:10.1103/physreve.59.2872

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This resonancelike behavior contradicts the monotonic behavior of the Kramers theory [8]. The occurrence of the enhancement of stability of metastable states by the noise has been observed in different physical and biological systems [2,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Very recently NES effect was observed in an ecological system [16], an oscillator chemical system (the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction) [17] and in magnetic systems [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stability measures in metastable states with Gaussian colored noise

Fiasconaro

Spagnolo²

2009

Phys. Rev. E

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We present a study of the escape time from a metastable state of an overdamped Brownian particle, in the presence of colored noise generated by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We analyze the role of the correlation time on the enhancement of the mean first passage time through a potential barrier and on the behavior of the mean growth rate coefficient as a function of the noise intensity. We observe the noise enhanced stability effect for all the initial unstable states used, and for all values of the correlation time τc investigated. We can distinguish two dynamical regimes characterized by weak and strong correlated noise respectively, depending on the value of τc with respect to the relaxation time of the system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stability measures in metastable states with Gaussian colored noise

Fiasconaro

Spagnolo²

2009

Phys. Rev. E

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“…Several theoretical studies have shown that the average escape time from metastable states in the presence of fluctuating and static potentials is characterized by nonmonotonical behavior with respect to the noise intensity [14,23,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. This resonance-like behavior, called noise enhanced stability (NES), is in contrast with the monotonic behavior predicted by Kramers theory [68,69]: the stability of metastable or unstable states is in fact enhanced by the noise with the average lifetime resulting larger than the deterministic one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nonlinear Relaxation Phenomena in Metastable Condensed Matter Systems

Spagnolo

Guarcello

Magazzù

et al. 2016

Entropy

100

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Nonlinear relaxation phenomena in three different systems of condensed matter are investigated. (i) First, the phase dynamics in Josephson junctions is analyzed. Specifically, a superconductor-graphene-superconductor (SGS) system exhibits quantum metastable states, and the average escape time from these metastable states in the presence of Gaussian and correlated fluctuations is calculated, accounting for variations in the the noise source intensity and the bias frequency. Moreover, the transient dynamics of a long-overlap Josephson junction (JJ) subject to thermal fluctuations and non-Gaussian noise sources is investigated. Noise induced phenomena are observed, such as the noise enhanced stability and the stochastic resonant activation. (ii) Second, the electron spin relaxation process in a n-type GaAs bulk driven by a fluctuating electric field is investigated. In particular, by using a Monte Carlo approach, we study the influence of a random telegraph noise on the spin polarized transport. Our findings show the possibility to raise the spin relaxation length by increasing the amplitude of the external fluctuations. Moreover, we find that, crucially, depending on the value of the external field strength, the electron spin depolarization length versus the noise correlation time increases up to a plateau. (iii) Finally, the stabilization of quantum metastable states by dissipation is presented. Normally, quantum fluctuations enhance the escape from metastable states in the presence of dissipation. We show that dissipation can enhance the stability of a quantum metastable system, consisting of a particle moving in a strongly asymmetric double well potential, interacting with a thermal bath. We find that the escape time from the metastable region has a nonmonotonic behavior versus the system-bath coupling and the temperature, producing a stabilizing effect.Keywords: metastability; nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and nonlinear relaxation time; noise enhanced stability; Josephson junction; spin polarized transport in semiconductors; open quantum systems; quantum noise enhanced stability

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“…. , q M } so that the double path integral (53) turns into a sum over all the possible discrete paths {µ j , ν j } with transitions at times {t 1 , t 2 . .…”

Section: Discrete Variable Representation -Exact Path Integral Expresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, there is an optimal value of the damping strength which maximizes the escape time, producing a stabilization of the quantum metastable system, named quantum noise enhanced stability (qNES) [38]. This phenomenon is the quantum analogue of that observed in classical physical systems, called noise enhanced stability (NES), theoretically and experimentally well investigated [11,12,[14][15][16][17][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. This resonance-like behavior indicates that, contrary to the result predicted by Kramers [69,70], the average lifetime of a particle can be enhanced with respect to the deterministic one [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization by dissipation and stochastic resonant activation in quantum metastable systems

Spagnolo

Carollo

Valenti

2018

Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top.

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In this tutorial paper we present a comprehensive review of the escape dynamics from quantum metastable states in dissipative systems and related noise-induced effects. We analyze the role of dissipation and driving in the escape process from quantum metastable states with and without an external driving force, starting from a nonequilibrium initial condition. We use the Caldeira-Leggett model and a non-perturbative theoretical technique within the Feynman-Vernon influence functional approach in strong dissipation regime. In the absence of driving, we find that the escape time from the metastable region has a nonmonotonic behavior versus the system-bath coupling and the temperature, producing a stabilizing effect in the quantum metastable system. In the presence of an external driving, the escape time from the metastable region has a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the frequency of the driving, the thermal-bath coupling and the temperature. The quantum noise enhanced stability phenomenon is observed in both systems investigated. Finally, we analyze the resonantly activated escape from a quantum metastable state in the spin-boson model. We find quantum stochastic resonant activation, that is the presence of a minimum in the escape time as a function of the driving frequency. Background and introductory material has been added in the first three sections of the paper to make this tutorial review reasonably self-contained and readable for graduate students and non-specialists from related areas.

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When noise decreases deterministic diffusion

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Stability measures in metastable states with Gaussian colored noise

Stability measures in metastable states with Gaussian colored noise

Nonlinear Relaxation Phenomena in Metastable Condensed Matter Systems

Stabilization by dissipation and stochastic resonant activation in quantum metastable systems

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