When Pregnancy Coincides with Positive Diagnosis of HIV: Accounts of the Process of Acceptance of Self and Motherhood among Women in South Africa

Madiba, Sphiwe

doi:10.3390/ijerph182413006

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Despite these supportive avenues, many women were reluctant to disclose their status to the broader community due to fears of stigma and discrimination, contrasting with previous ndings suggesting that community support can be crucial in medication adherence and overall coping with the disease [28,29]. It underscores the complexity of these women's social landscapes, marked by intersecting domains of stigma, disclosure, social support, and healthcare engagement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The diagnosis of HIV represented a traumatic turning point for the participants, triggering intense emotions that align with previous research [ 15 , 16 ]. Many women reacted with disbelief, refusing to accept their HIV-positive status [ 17 , 18 ]. This denial stemmed primarily from the women’s self-perception as low-risk individuals for HIV transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They described stigmatizing experiences, including open criticism from healthcare professionals, further alienating them from accessing care, which suggests a gap in the HIV and antenatal clinics’ approach to the psychosocial needs of HIV-positive pregnant and postpartum women [ 28 ]. Therefore, integrating psychosocial care within PMTCT programs is critical in facilitating acceptance of self and HIV diagnosis [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychosocial experiences of pregnant women living with HIV in Ibadan, Oyo State

Akinsolu,

Lawale,

Bankole

et al. 2023

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Introduction: Pregnancy often intensifies psychological vulnerabilities in women living with HIV (WLHIV) due to increased stressors such as health concerns, infant infection risks, and the management of special neonatal needs like prophylactic antiretroviral care. Methodology: The study was conducted in four HIV treatment centres with participant selection based on the following criteria: an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score of 13 or above, gestational age between 14 to 40 weeks, less than five years of antiretroviral therapy (ART) usage, and history of partner conflict. This research forms a more extensive study of stress and depression amongst pregnant and postpartum WLWH. In-depth interviews, ranging from 20 to 40 minutes, were conducted with 26 HIV-positive pregnant women in private rooms within selected antiretroviral clinics from October and December 2022. Results and Discussion: The study discovered that the support received from healthcare providers concerning ART and Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) practices alleviated women's fear of death and perinatal transmission which bolstered their involvement in HIV care and fostered the birth of children not infected with HIV. Women perceived monogamy as a protective measure against HIV contraction. Participants who reported having partners engaging in unsafe sexual practices expressed anger and blame. The observation of other women with similar experiences aided in coping mechanisms, reaffirming previous findings that knowing someone living with HIV helps to accept their status due to the comfort derived from shared experiences. Conclusion: Healthcare providers attending to pregnant WLWH can alleviate psychological distress by reinforcing positive coping strategies. These include consistent psychological distress screenings in HIV clinics and relevant mental health evaluations with appropriate care referrals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychosocial experiences of pregnant women living with HIV in Ibadan, Oyo State

Akinsolu,

Lawale,

Bankole

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Depression and psychological stress may act as critical barriers to HIV treatment and prevention as the conditions may be linked. Women are often newly diagnosed with HIV during pregnancy and receive a positive HIV diagnosis in an event that can generate worry as well as fear of transmitting the virus to an unborn child 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Perceived Stress among Perinatal Women Living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria

Akinsolu¹,

Lawale²,

Bankole³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Pregnancy can be a period of increased psychological susceptibility for women living with HIV. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression and psychological stress among women living with HIV during their perinatal period in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: This study was a facility-based cross-sectional survey conducted in three HIV treatment centers. The study population consisted of women living with HIV 18 years and above who were pregnant or had given birth within the last two years. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. Results: A total of 402 participants were eligible for this study. About 69.0% and 78.0% of the participants were depressed and had perceived stress respectively. Women who had positive partners (OR=0.60, 95% CI=0.20-1.30) were found to be significantly associated with perceived depression. Women who reported having a gestational age between 29-40 weeks (OR=0.054 95% CI = 0.006, 0.500) were found to be significantly associated with perceived stress. Factors associated with the co-occurrence of symptoms of depression and perceived stress were partner status, income level, family support, gestational age, and years on ART. Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of major depression, perceived stress, and the co-occurrence of depression and perceived stress among women living with HIV, mental health care should be incorporated into the routine maternal healthcare for all women, especially those living with HIV.

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“…Depression and psychological stress may be critical barriers to HIV treatment and prevention as the conditions may be linked. In addition, women newly diagnosed with HIV during pregnancy and receiving a positive HIV diagnosis can generate worry and fear of transmitting the virus to an unborn child ( 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and perceived stress among perinatal women living with HIV in Nigeria

Akinsolu,

Abodunrin,

Lawale

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundPregnancy and postpartum periods are crucial stages for women’s mental health, and women living with HIV are particularly susceptible to depression and psychological stress due to various factors. This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of depression and perceived stress among women living with HIV during their perinatal period in Ibadan, Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in three HIV treatment centers in Ibadan, Nigeria, among women living with HIV between the ages of 19 and 49 who were either pregnant or had given birth within the last 2 years. The study was conducted from September 2022 to December 2022. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from the participants. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained, and data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 26.ResultsThe study included 402 participants, of whom 69.0 and 78.0% reported symptoms of depression and perceived stress, respectively. However, 15.2% of the participants have comorbid depression and stress. Positive partner status was significantly associated with lower perceived depression, while gestational age between 29 and 40 weeks was significantly associated with lower perceived stress. The co-occurrence of depression and perceived stress was associated with partner status, income level, family support, gestational age, and years on antiretroviral therapy.ConclusionThe high prevalence of depression, perceived stress, and their co-occurrence among women living with HIV during the perinatal period call for incorporating mental health care into routine maternal healthcare for all women, particularly those living with HIV. This finding emphasizes the need for public health efforts to prioritize perinatal mental health and improve access to care and support for women and their partners.

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When Pregnancy Coincides with Positive Diagnosis of HIV: Accounts of the Process of Acceptance of Self and Motherhood among Women in South Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Psychosocial experiences of pregnant women living with HIV in Ibadan, Oyo State

Psychosocial experiences of pregnant women living with HIV in Ibadan, Oyo State

Depression and Perceived Stress among Perinatal Women Living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria

Depression and perceived stress among perinatal women living with HIV in Nigeria

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