“…A wide range of active (i.e., outwards directed / high energy) versus passive (i.e., more inwards directed / low energy) behaviors have been studied as being consequences of destructive forms of leadership. When it comes to active behaviors, followers have been shown to respond with aggression (Burton et al, 2011; Burton & Hoobler, 2011; Brees et al, 2014; Carleton et al, 2016; Dupré et al, 2006; Lian et al, 2014; Pradhan et al, 2019a; Richard et al, 2018), counterproductive work behavior (Akram et al, 2019; Brender-Ilan & Sheaffer, 2019; Chu, 2014; Duffy et al, 2006; Goswami et al, 2019; Ju et al, 2019; Low et al, 2019; Ogunfowora, 2013; Shoss et al, 2013; Simon et al, 2015; Watkins et al, 2019; Yang et al, 2019), deviance (Avey et al, 2015; Javed et al, 2019; Mackey et al, 2015; Mawritz et al, 2017; Rice et al, 2020a; Schmid et al, 2019; Thoroughgood et al, 2018; Valle et al, 2019; Vogel et al, 2016; Wang & Jiang, 2014), or reactance (Bligh et al, 2007; Goswami et al, 2015; Haggard & Park, 2018; Liu et al, 2010; Tepper et al, 2001). Destructive forms of leadership have also been linked with passive follower behaviors such as withdrawal (Allen et al, 2016; Chi & Liang, 2013; Huang et al, 2020; Kim et al, 2019; Mawritz et al, 2014; Wei & Si, 2013), turnover / turnover intention (Agarwal, 2019; Ogunfowora et al, 2019; Palanski et al, 2014; Pradhan et al, 2018; Ramdeo & Singh, 2019; Rice et al, 2020a; Schmid et al, 2018; Pradhan et al, 2019a;…”