When Studying the Effects of Light on Herbivory, Should One Consider Temperature? The Case of &lt;I&gt;Epimecis hortaria&lt;/I&gt; F. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) Feeding on &lt;I&gt;Lindera benzoin&lt;/I&gt; L. (Lauraceae)

Niesenbaum, Richard A.; Kluger, Emily C.

doi:10.1603/0046-225x-35.3.600

Cited by 43 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Plants in sun habitats occurred in both canopy gaps and along the forest edge, while plants in shade habitats were under an intact forest canopy more than 5 m from adjacent edges or gaps. Previous work in these sites found the mean (±SE) incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (lmol/m 2 s) at mid-day to be 658.30 (±77.63) sun habitats and 48.01 (±8.61) in shade habitats (Niesenbaum and Kluger 2006). We sampled 30 plants from both sun and shade habitats from Grave, and 33 sun and 34 shade plants at Raker.…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic differentiation between sun and shade habitats in populations of Lindera benzoin L.

2010

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Differences in selection patterns among habitats can alter the distribution of genetic diversity even when this is estimated with neutral markers. For plants, light is an essential resource that can influence both abiotic and biotic components of habitat. We examined genetic differentiation between sun and shade habitats in Lindera benzoin L. (Spicebush), a perennial understory shrub. Genetic diversity of 127 plants from sun and shade habitats in two populations of L. benzoin was determined using 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers. We analyzed patterns of genetic diversity using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), and we assessed correlation between genetic and geographic distance using Mantel tests. We found (1) low levels of differentiation among populations (F ST = 0.028), (2) little evidence of genetic structure within populations due to isolation-by-distance, and (3) some evidence of habitat-based genetic differentiation. Specifically, the AMOVA showed a small (0.5%) but significant portion of overall variation could be explained by differences between habitats. The overall low levels of differentiation we saw were likely a result of extensive gene flow in this dioecious, bird-dispersed species.

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Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic differentiation between sun and shade habitats in populations of Lindera benzoin L.

2010

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“…Higher insect herbivory has been found in understorey compared to treefall gap areas (Dudt and Shure 1994), but the reversed trend has also been reported (Chacón and Armesto 2006;Richards and Cooley 2007;Norghauer et al 2008). This reXects the inXuence of several conXicting factors on insect abundance and feeding behaviour, including light and thermal environment, plant productivity and quality, and natural enemies, which can all vary between shaded and sunlit areas (Dudt and Shure 1994; Louda and Rodman 1996;Niesenbaum and Kluger 2006;Richards and Coley 2007). Thus understorey cover may be expected to inXuence the risk of insect herbivory for emerging tree seedlings (Pearson et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Direct and indirect effects of understorey bamboo shape tree regeneration niches in a mixed temperate forest

2009

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Plant cover plays a major role in shaping the nature of recruitment microsites through direct (resource mediated) and indirect (consumer mediated) interactions. Understorey plants may differentially affect seedling establishment, thus contributing to regeneration-niche separation among canopy tree species. We examined patterns of early tree seedling survival resulting from interactive effects of understorey bamboo (Chusquea culeou) and resident consumers in a mixed temperate Patagonian forest, Argentina. Newly germinated seedlings of Nothofagus dombeyi and Austrocedrus chilensis were planted in bamboo thickets and non-bamboo patches, with or without small-vertebrate exclosures. We found species-specific patterns of seedling survival in relation to bamboo cover. Nothofagus survival was generally low but increased under bamboo, irrespective of cage treatment. Desiccation stress accounted for most Nothofagus mortality in open, non-bamboo areas. In contrast, Austrocedrus survival was highest in non-bamboo microsites, as most seedlings beneath bamboo were killed by small vertebrates through direct consumption or non-trophic physical damage. There was little evidence for a negative impact of bamboo on tree seedling survival attributable to resource competition. The balance of simultaneous positive and negative interactions implied that bamboo presence facilitated Nothofagus early establishment but inhibited Austrocedrus recruitment via apparent competition. These results illustrate the potential for dominant understorey plants to promote microsite segregation during early stages of recruitment between tree seedlings having different susceptibilities to water stress and herbivory. We recognise, however, that patterns of bamboo-seedling interactions may be conditional on moisture levels and consumer activity during establishment. Hence, both biotic and abiotic heterogeneity in understorey environments should be incorporated into conceptual models of regeneration dynamics and tree coexistence in forest communities.

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“…Most studies indicate that leaves containing lower concentrations of phenolic compounds and tannins are easier to consume for folivores (Koricheva et al 1998;Niesenbaum and Kluger 2006;Karolewski et al 2013). In the case of Spiraea tomentosa, plants were not protected against damage by E. clorana, despite their high concentration of defence compounds (soluble phenols and condensed tannins).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Spiraea tomentosa: a new host for monophagous Earias clorana?

Wiatrowska

Łukowski

Karolewski

et al. 2018

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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The introduction of alien species can have a significant impact on the food preferences of native phytophagous insects. The moth Earias clorana L. has previously been considered to be monophagous, ingesting only plants in the genus Salix. In recent years, we have observed larval E. clorana feeding on Spiraea tomentosa L., an invasive shrub species in Central Europe that is native to North America. We hypothesised that this insect can feed on Spiraea tomentosa leaves with no negative effects on its growth and development, and that the leaves of Spiraea tomentosa as a source of food for E. clorana are equally as good as leaves of Salix viminalis L. Our results showed that despite significant differences in the chemical composition of the studied species' leaves, including a much higher concentration of defence compounds (total soluble phenols and condensed tannins) in Spiraea tomentosa leaves than in those of Salix viminalis, feeding on a new host plant did not significantly affect the survival of larvae. The change in host plant had an unfavourable effect, however, on several parameters of growth and development for the larvae (masses of larvae and pupae, relative growth rates, and efficiency of conversion of ingested food). We conclude that, in comparison to Salix viminalis, Spiraea tomentosa is not a particularly favourable food for larval development. Perhaps, even without direct improvements in adult foraging efficiency, however, the costs of switching hosts may be minimised in larvae that develop on very abundant, invasive species, such as Spiraea tomentosa in Central Europe.

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When Studying the Effects of Light on Herbivory, Should One Consider Temperature? The Case of <I>Epimecis hortaria</I> F. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) Feeding on <I>Lindera benzoin</I> L. (Lauraceae)

Cited by 43 publications

References 45 publications

Genetic differentiation between sun and shade habitats in populations of Lindera benzoin L.

Genetic differentiation between sun and shade habitats in populations of Lindera benzoin L.

Direct and indirect effects of understorey bamboo shape tree regeneration niches in a mixed temperate forest

Invasive Spiraea tomentosa: a new host for monophagous Earias clorana?

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