“…In fact, the increasing uncertainty and fluctuations of crude oil prices are widely associated to the international economic states including among others inflation, interest rates, economic activity fiscal policy, and dollar exchange rates as well as the geopolitical events such political events, military tensions, serious climate changes, natural catastrophes. Such these uncertainties enhance the volatility of crude oil market, leading to quick oil price changes and as a result to an increase in their inefficiency levels ( Areal et al, 2015 ; Ciner, 2001 ; Fan et al, 2008 ; Hammoudeh et al, 2010 ; Kaufmann and Winters, 1989 ; Rockerbie, 1999 ). During COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, the speed of information transmission and the existence of profit opportunities augment significantly in these strategic commodity markets.…”