Where do monomorphic sexual systems fit in the evolution of dioecy? Insights from the largest family of angiosperms

Torices, Rubén; Méndez, Marcos; Gómez, José M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03609.x

Cited by 57 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(211 reference statements)

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“…Finally, future work should further explore the distribution and dynamics of reproductive systems in the six families listed in Table 2, as they are interesting candidates for the study of the gynodioecy pathway. Some have already been investigated: Asteraceae (Torices et al, 2011) and the Fragaria genus within the Rosaceae (Spigler et al, 2008(Spigler et al, , 2011. However, to our knowledge, the evolution of dioecy is poorly understood in the majority of genera and families highlighted here.…”

Section: The Routes To Dioecymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, a statistical association between gynodioecy and dioecy was found in Asteraceae, but this family also includes many monoecious species. In their phylogenetic study of transitions in reproductive systems in Asteraceae, Torices et al (2011) found that the number of transitions to dioecy was lower through the gynodioecy pathway as compared with the monoecy pathway. However, the rate of transition was higher in the former than in the latter (i.e.…”

Section: The Routes To Dioecymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, some empirical evidence supporting the monoecy pathway is currently available. Several studies using a phylogenetic approach have shown evidence for a transition from monoecy to dioecy in some groups (Acer genus, Sapindaceae: Renner et al, 2007; Asteraceae: Torices et al, 2011) or for an association between monoecy and dioecy without inferring the direction of the transition (e.g. Bryonia genus, Cucurbitaceae: Volz and Renner, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An angiosperm-wide analysis of the gynodioecy–dioecy pathway

Dufaÿ¹,

Champelovier²,

Käfer³

et al. 2014

Annals of Botany

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Aims About 6 % of an estimated total of 240 000 species of angiosperms are dioecious. The main precursors of this sexual system are thought to be monoecy and gynodioecy. A previous angiosperm-wide study revealed that many dioecious species have evolved through the monoecy pathway; some case studies and a large body of theoretical research also provide evidence in support of the gynodioecy pathway. If plants have evolved through the gynodioecy pathway, gynodioecious and dioecious species should co-occur in the same genera. However, to date, no large-scale analysis has been conducted to determine the prevalence of the gynodioecy pathway in angiosperms. In this study, this gap in knowledge was addressed by performing an angiosperm-wide survey in order to test for co-occurrence as evidence of the gynodioecy pathway. † Methods Data from different sources were compiled to obtain (to our knowledge) the largest dataset on gynodioecy available, with 275 genera that include at least one gynodioecious species. This dataset was combined with a dioecy dataset from the literature, and a study was made of how often dioecious and gynodioecious species could be found in the same genera using a contingency table framework. † Key Results It was found that, overall, angiosperm genera with both gynodioecious and dioecious species occur more frequently than expected, in agreement with the gynodioecy pathway. Importantly, this trend holds when studying different classes separately (or sub-classes, orders and families), suggesting that the gynodioecy pathway is not restricted to a few taxa but may instead be widespread in angiosperms. † Conclusions This work complements that previously carried out on the monoecy pathway and suggests that gynodioecy is also a common pathway in angiosperms. The results also identify angiosperm families where some (or all) dioecious species may have evolved from gynodioecious precursors. These families could be the targets of future small-scale studies on transitions to dioecy taking phylogeny explicitly into account.

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Section: The Routes To Dioecymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Routes To Dioecymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An angiosperm-wide analysis of the gynodioecy–dioecy pathway

Dufaÿ¹,

Champelovier²,

Käfer³

et al. 2014

Annals of Botany

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“…certain type of reaction to already known situation. If the stress is repeated again, the reaction of the plant is more rapid on the basis of this memory [2,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,30,56,69,80,82,83,87,91]. It is also known that root apices during growth can recognize in advance dangerous soil substrate and avoid them using similar active avoidance root tropism.…”

Section: Importance Of Root Traits For the Seed Growth And Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Root and Seed Traits on Tolerance to Abiotic Stress

Bláha¹,

Pazderů²

2013

Agricultural Chemistry

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Agricultural Chemistry 90considerable economic costs connected with maintenance of genetic resources. This situation can lead even to loss of genetic resources.Consequent changes during long term storage consist from: increasing concentration of free radicals, which are formed in time of long-term seed storage, damaging membrane lipids, inactivation of enzymes, damaging storage proteins and DNA. This process resulted to lower seed quality (low vigor) or even total loss of germination. Deterioration of the seeds during storage is irreversible phenomenon, natural for living organisms. Aged seeds influence optimal root growth (angle of root growth in the soil, depth penetration, tillering).Roots quality influences water utilization in plants with different level by different cultivars in different environmental conditions and by this way drought tolerance during vegetation period and through the new filial seed generation germination and grow of young plants.The water availability and efficiency of water utilization in time of germination is one of the basic factors influencing field emergence rate. Water uptake is the first step for enzymes activation, and shortly, for successful germination. The large variability in water use efficiency of seeds of different species and cultivars exist. Seed and root phylogeny -general overviewThe seeds, roots and their properties are the result of the phylogenic development under stress pressure, especially the influence of dry conditions in time of plant colonization of the Earth. The seed phylogeny reflects very interesting historical transition for photosynthetic organisms. The seed history consists of four main steps: the development of seed morphological structures, anatomy of seeds; the development of dormancy and the evolution of seed size (mass) [65,66] Seeds were developed over a period of approximately 300 million years of phylogeny for three main reasons [11,14,16,63]

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“…Modern empirical assessment based on comparative data suggests that hermaphroditism gave rise to dioecy mainly through the monoecious pathway (Weiblen et al 2000;Torices et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual system of Garcinia indica Choisy: geographic variation in trioecy and sexual dimorphism in floral traits

Sebastian

Murthy

2014

Plant Syst Evol

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Most flowering plants are hermaphroditic with both stamens and carpels in the same flower. Other sexual systems are derived from ancestral hermaphroditism through one of the following pathways namely via monoecy, directly from hermaprhoditism, via gynodioecy, via distyly or via androdioecy. Sexual system in the genus Garcinia is highly diverse and includes dioecious, gynodioecious, androdioecious, polygamodioecious, monoecious and andromonoecious species. Garcinia indica Choisy (kokum tree) is reported to be polygamodioecious or gynodioecious. In the present study, sexual variation was estimated in seven populations of Garcinia indica of Western Ghats to determine the extent of variation among the populations and 14 floral traits were studied to assess the sexual dimorphism in floral traits. Four basic kinds of flowers namely, male flowers, male flowers with pistillode, female flowers with staminodes and bisexual flowers, were found in G. indica. These basic kinds of flowers occurred individually on a particular tree, producing unisexual individuals, or in combination of two, forming cosexual individuals. Thus, this species is trioecious, although the percentage of cosexual trees varied in different geographical locations. All the populations included cosexuals except one whereas pure hermaphroditic trees were present only in one. Significant differences were observed in 11 out of the 14 floral traits studied in the seven populations resulting in the diversity of sex forms. Male flowers had larger petal and female flowers were in general smaller than the other kinds. Interestingly, bisexual flowers were not always intermediate in size between male and female flowers.

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Where do monomorphic sexual systems fit in the evolution of dioecy? Insights from the largest family of angiosperms

Cited by 57 publications

References 103 publications

An angiosperm-wide analysis of the gynodioecy–dioecy pathway

An angiosperm-wide analysis of the gynodioecy–dioecy pathway

Influence of the Root and Seed Traits on Tolerance to Abiotic Stress

Sexual system of Garcinia indica Choisy: geographic variation in trioecy and sexual dimorphism in floral traits

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