2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2020.101118
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Which states and cities protect residents from water shutoffs in the COVID-19 pandemic?

Abstract: Many U.S. states and cities have imposed water disconnection moratoriums during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using logistic and Cox Proportional-Hazards models, we assess factors that differentiate which governments imposed moratoriums. States, which have economic regulation of private water utilities, were more likely to impose moratoriums, and those with higher COVID-19 case rates imposed moratoriums earlier. States with unified Republican Control and cities with more 2016 Trump voters were less likely to impose m… Show more

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Cited by 42 publications
(28 citation statements)
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“…To address utility scarcity, state and local governments have also adopted a variety of voluntary and mandatory orders that electric and water service providers abstain from disconnecting service even when customers are unable to pay their bills (Poteat et al 2020). A recent analysis of state moratoria on water disconnections found that places with mandatory policies in place tended to be wealthier but also had higher levels of income inequality and more racially/ethnically diverse populations (Warner, Zhang, and Rivas 2020). Partisan political control of the state government also affected the state's willingness to impose water disconnection moratoria, with Republicancontrolled state governments less likely to issue a mandatory order (Warner, Zhang, and Rivas 2020).…”
Section: Heterogeneity In Government Responses To Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…To address utility scarcity, state and local governments have also adopted a variety of voluntary and mandatory orders that electric and water service providers abstain from disconnecting service even when customers are unable to pay their bills (Poteat et al 2020). A recent analysis of state moratoria on water disconnections found that places with mandatory policies in place tended to be wealthier but also had higher levels of income inequality and more racially/ethnically diverse populations (Warner, Zhang, and Rivas 2020). Partisan political control of the state government also affected the state's willingness to impose water disconnection moratoria, with Republicancontrolled state governments less likely to issue a mandatory order (Warner, Zhang, and Rivas 2020).…”
Section: Heterogeneity In Government Responses To Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A recent analysis of state moratoria on water disconnections found that places with mandatory policies in place tended to be wealthier but also had higher levels of income inequality and more racially/ethnically diverse populations (Warner, Zhang, and Rivas 2020). Partisan political control of the state government also affected the state's willingness to impose water disconnection moratoria, with Republicancontrolled state governments less likely to issue a mandatory order (Warner, Zhang, and Rivas 2020).…”
Section: Heterogeneity In Government Responses To Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This may be because publicly owned utilities have a broader interest beyond profit; they are generally interested in fair pricing and affordability to their residents (Mann & Warner 2019;McDonald 2018). Municipally owned utilities are also more likely to protect low-income residents from water shutoff (Homsy & Warner, 2020;Warner et al 2020). Regarding problems with water affordability, private ownership and poverty rate are the primary drivers.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…During the pandemic, many states and hundreds of cities passed moratoria to prevent water disconnections for low-income households (FWW, 2020). A study of water shut off moratoriums found US cities with higher income, larger shares of people of color and higher levels of income inequality, were more likely to protect low-income consumers from water shutoff (Warner, Zhang & González Rivas;. Water affordability programs are needed to address the water access challenges of the lowest income households in the US.…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…12 Though prior work in the U.S. shows that protections from water shutoffs are rare, 13 during the first 2 months of the pandemic, moratoria on water shutoffs became more common. [14][15][16] For example, in Detroit, >141,000 households had been disconnected from water service owing to unpaid bills since 2014. On March 12, 2020, the day after WHO declared the COVID-19 pandemic, Michigan's governor, Gretchen Whitmer, and Detroit city officials announced plans to stop shutoffs and temporarily reconnect water services for all residents.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%