Which strain of the avian coronavirus vaccine will become the prevalent one in China next?

Abstract

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a vital pathogen in poultry farms, which can induce respiratory, nephropathogenic, oviduct, proventriculus, and intestinal diseases. Based on the phylogenetic classification of the full-length S1 gene, IBV isolates have been categorized into nine genotypes comprising 38 lineages. GI (GI-1, GI-2, GI-3, GI-4, GI-5, GI-6, GI-7, GI-13, GI-16, GI-18, GI-19, GI-22, GI-28, and GI-29), GVI-1 and GVII-1 have been reported in China in the past 60 years. In this review, a brief history of IBV in China is described, and the current epidemic strains and licensed IBV vaccine strains, as well as IBV prevention and control strategies, are highlighted. In addition, this article presents unique viewpoints and recommendations for a more effective management of IBV. The recombinant Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) vector vaccine expressed S gene of IBV QX-like and 4/91 strains may be the dominant vaccine strains against NDV and IBV.

Molecular Characterization of Complete Genome Sequence of an Avian Coronavirus Identified in a Backyard Chicken from Tanzania

“…Another aspect to note is the relatively high identity of the Tanzanian virus to the Asian GI-7 IBVs, and their monophyletic clustering with GI-19 IBVs. Like the GI-19, GI-7 IBVs were also first identified in China in the 1990s and subsequently became the third-most prevalent genotype in the country, but there is no documented evidence of their detection outside of China and Taiwan [17,66,67]. Further, there are reports of recombination between GI-7 and GI-19 genotypes, as well as between the two genotypes and field/vaccine strains belonging to different genotypes [68,69].…”

Insights into the Activation of Unfolded Protein Response Mechanism during Coronavirus Infection

“…The additional three members (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV) have been associated with severe respiratory distress conditions, causing epidemic and/or pandemic healthcare crises [11][12][13]. In accordance with human coronaviruses, animal-infecting CoVs can cause either respiratory or enteric symptoms [14,15]. Coronaviruses possess a single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecule [(+)ssRNA] varying in size from 26 to 32 kb [16,17].…”

“…Biol. 2024, 46, FOR PEER REVIEW 2 symptoms [14,15]. Coronaviruses possess a single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecule [(+)ssRNA] varying in size from 26 to 32 kb [16,17].…”