Which types of mental work demands may be associated with reduced risk of dementia?

Then, Francisca S.; Luck, Tobias; Heser, Kathrin; Ernst, Andrej; Posselt, Tina; Wiese, Birgitt; Mamone, Silke; Brettschneider, Christian; König, Hans‐Helmut; Weyerer, Siegfried; Werle, Jochen; Mösch, Edelgard; Bickel, Horst; Fuchs, Ângela; Pentzek, Michael; Maier, Wolfgang; Scherer, Martin; Wagner, Michael; Abholz, Heinz-Harald; Bachmann, Cadja; Blank, Wolfgang; Bussche, Hendrik van den; Eifflaender-Gorfer, Sandra; Eisele, Marion; Jessen, Frank; Kaduszkiewicz, Hanna; Kaufeler, Teresa; Köhler, Mirjam; Koppara, Alexander; Lange, Carolin; Lubisch, Diana; Luppa, Melanie; Mayer, Manfred M.; Prokein, Jana; Riedel‐Heller, Steffi G.; Röhr, Susanne; Schumacher, Anna; Stein, Janine; Steinmann, Susanne; Tebarth, Franziska; Weckbecker, Klaus; Weeg, Dagmar; Wolfsgruber, Steffen; Zimmermann, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2016.08.008

Cited by 39 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The results of the present study are in contrast with earlier findings, suggesting an association between work complexity and dementia [6][7][8][9][10][11], although some researchers report findings similar to ours [12]. Our results also correlate fairly well with research examining cognitive change in old age and those who find only an association between level of cognitive performance and occupational complexity at baseline, but no association between occupational complexity and cognitive change [25,26].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…According to the cognitive reserve hypotheses, high mental demands at work would facilitate the development of cognitive skills because individuals would continue to hone their cognitive skills when they are exposed to cognitive challenging environments; further, many studies have also reported support for this hypothesis [6][7][8][9][10][11]. For example, by using data from the Swedish Twin Registry, Andel and colleagues [6] divided the complexity of work into three categories, including level of working with data (e.g., analyzing), people (e.g., mentoring), and things (e.g., precision working).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental Demands at Work and Risk of Dementia

Sundström

Sörman

Hansson

et al. 2020

JAD

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High mental demands at work was examined as a possible protective factor to reduce the risk of dementia in 1,277 initially dementia-free participants, aged 60 years and older. The cohort was followed for a mean of 13.6 years. During follow-up, 376 participants developed all-cause dementia (Alzheimer's disease = 199; vascular dementia = 145). The association between mental demands at work and dementia was analyzed with Cox hazard models, adjusted for a range of covariates. The results revealed no significant association between mental demands at work and incidence of dementia. Based on the measures used in this study, it was concluded that high mental demands at work may not reduce the risk of dementia later in life.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Demands at Work and Risk of Dementia

Sundström

Sörman

Hansson

et al. 2020

JAD

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“…Education seems to be a factor contributing to a better cognitive reserve [7,26,27]. Studies have shown that high occupational demands preserve cognitive functioning and reduce dementia risk, indicating that occupational activities designed to challenge executive cognitive functions and information processing abilities also seem to increase cognitive reserve [28][29][30]. Cognitive interventions designed to improve reasoning abilities (in contrast to processing speed, memory, and no intervention) may also contribute to a better cognitive reserve because they not only improve cognitive functioning, but also significantly improve functioning in daily life (i.e., diminish dementia symptomatology [31,32]).…”

Section: Attributes Of Cognitive Processes Of Cognitive Reservementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Reserve: Cognitive Abilities that Shield Against Dementia Symptomatology

Rodriguez¹

2018

obm geriatr

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Background: Cognitive reserve describes the capacity for cognitively normal functioning despite brain damage. Previous research on cognitive reserve outlined how characteristics of the brain promote good cognitive functioning, although it is not yet clear what cognitive processes help individuals to maintain good cognitive functioning in the face of brain damage. Methods: Narrative review of relevant articles identified in literature searches for cognitive and/or psychometric characteristics of cognitive reserve. Results: The existing evidence on cognitive processes of cognitive reserve is extremely sparse. Results from a diverse set of studies suggest that cognitive reserve may comprise verbal memory and executive functions. Conclusions:We propose that cognitive reserve consists of a combination of elaborate networks of mental representations and proficient executive functioning. Future studies are required to validate the proposed mechanism of cognitive reserve.

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“…These include the inadequacy of current treatments to alleviate the symptoms of the disease. Also, the difficulty in developing novel interventions to detect [1–57], delay [58–69], or halt disease progression continues to be an important hurdle. The well‐recognized public health and economic imperative [70–83] posed by the disease continues to be an important motivator to communicate new knowledge across multiple disciplines that will help increase the likelihood of unlocking the complexity of neurodegeneration [84–90] associated with many dementing illnesses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%