WHIRLY1 of Barley and Maize Share a PRAPP Motif Conferring Nucleoid Compaction

Oetke, Svenja; Scheidig, Axel J.; Krupinska, Karin

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcab164

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…WHIRLY1 proteins of dicot species and WHIRLY2 proteins of monocot and dicot species did not affect nucleoid compaction in Escherichia coli ( Oetke et al, 2022 ). In accordance with this finding, a mutation of the conserved second lysine of the KGKAAL motif did not affect the compactness of nucleoids in E. coli.…”

Section: Whirly Proteins Are Architectural Organelle Nucleoid-associa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N-terminal polyglutamine stretches shared by several dicot WHIRLY1 proteins ( St , Le , Vv ), the alternative proline-rich sequences of monocot WHIRLY1 proteins, and the serine-rich sequences of members of the Brassicaceae family were predicted to serve as transactivation motifs ( Desveaux et al, 2005 ). The mutation of different WHIRLY sequences revealed, however, that the proline-rich PRAPP motif of monocot WHIRLY1 proteins rather contributes to the compaction of organellar nucleoids ( Oetke et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Conservation and Variation Of Whirly Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance with this finding, a mutation of the conserved second lysine of the KGKAAL motif did not affect the compactness of nucleoids in E. coli. Surprisingly, the PRAPP motif that has been identified in monocot WHIRLY1 proteins promoted compaction in E. coli but not in the chloroplasts of transgenic Arabidopsis plants with PRAPP inserted into AtWHIRLY1 ( Oetke et al, 2022 ). Taken together, there is no evidence for compaction of plastid nucleoids by WHIRLY proteins in Arabidopsis.…”

Section: Whirly Proteins Are Architectural Organelle Nucleoid-associa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the reduced compactness of nucleoids as observed in barley WHIRLY1 knockdown plants ( Krupinska et al, 2014b ) and the maize why1 mutants ( Figure 3 ), but not in the why mutants of Arabidopsis ( Oetke et al, 2022 ), has negative consequences for chloroplast development by impairing ribosome formation. Following the idea that nucleoids serve as platforms for the formation of ribosomes ( Bohne, 2014 ), several components of ribosomes have been detected in the nucleoid proteomes ( Melonek et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Whirly Proteins Are Architectural Organelle Nucleoid-associa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taken together, these results indicate that the WHIRLY proteins have a positive impact on abiotic stress resistance in dicot plants. In contrast, the situation might be more complex in monocot plants, because it is impossible to distinguish direct effects of monocot WHIRLY1 proteins from indirect effects via their impacts on organelle DNA compaction ( Oetke et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Stress Resistance Of Plants With Altered Abundances Of Whirliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WHIRLIES Are Multifunctional DNA-Binding Proteins With Impact on Plant Development and Stress Resistance

et al. 2022

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WHIRLIES are plant-specific proteins binding to DNA in plastids, mitochondria, and nucleus. They have been identified as significant components of nucleoids in the organelles where they regulate the structure of the nucleoids and diverse DNA-associated processes. WHIRLIES also fulfil roles in the nucleus by interacting with telomers and various transcription factors, among them members of the WRKY family. While most plants have two WHIRLY proteins, additional WHIRLY proteins evolved by gene duplication in some dicot families. All WHIRLY proteins share a conserved WHIRLY domain responsible for ssDNA binding. Structural analyses revealed that WHIRLY proteins form tetramers and higher-order complexes upon binding to DNA. An outstanding feature is the parallel localization of WHIRLY proteins in two or three cell compartments. Because they translocate from organelles to the nucleus, WHIRLY proteins are excellent candidates for transducing signals between organelles and nucleus to allow for coordinated activities of the different genomes. Developmental cues and environmental factors control the expression of WHIRLY genes. Mutants and plants with a reduced abundance of WHIRLY proteins gave insight into their multiple functionalities. In chloroplasts, a reduction of the WHIRLY level leads to changes in replication, transcription, RNA processing, and DNA repair. Furthermore, chloroplast development, ribosome formation, and photosynthesis are impaired in monocots. In mitochondria, a low level of WHIRLIES coincides with a reduced number of cristae and a low rate of respiration. The WHIRLY proteins are involved in the plants’ resistance toward abiotic and biotic stress. Plants with low levels of WHIRLIES show reduced responsiveness toward diverse environmental factors, such as light and drought. Consequently, because such plants are impaired in acclimation, they accumulate reactive oxygen species under stress conditions. In contrast, several plant species overexpressing WHIRLIES were shown to have a higher resistance toward stress and pathogen attacks. By their multiple interactions with organelle proteins and nuclear transcription factors maybe a comma can be inserted here? and their participation in organelle–nucleus communication, WHIRLY proteins are proposed to serve plant development and stress resistance by coordinating processes at different levels. It is proposed that the multifunctionality of WHIRLY proteins is linked to the plasticity of land plants that develop and function in a continuously changing environment.

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Section: Whirly Proteins Are Architectural Organelle Nucleoid-associa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conservation and Variation Of Whirly Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whirly Proteins Are Architectural Organelle Nucleoid-associa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whirly Proteins Are Architectural Organelle Nucleoid-associa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stress Resistance Of Plants With Altered Abundances Of Whirliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WHIRLIES Are Multifunctional DNA-Binding Proteins With Impact on Plant Development and Stress Resistance

et al. 2022

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WHIRLY proteins, multi-layer regulators linking the nucleus and organelles in developmental and stress-induced senescence of plants

Lin,

Huang,

et al. 2024

Annals of Botany

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Plant senescence is an integrated program of plant development that aims to remobilize nutrients and energy from senescing tissues to developing organs under developmental and stress-induced conditions. Upstream in the regulatory network, a small family of single-stranded DNA/RNA-binding proteins known as WHIRLYs occupy a central node, acting at multiple regulatory levels and via trans-localization between the nucleus and organelles. In this review, we summarize the current progress on the role of WHIRLY members in plant development and stress-induced senescence. WHIRLY proteins can be traced back in evolution to green algae. WHIRLY proteins trade off the balance of plant developmental senescence and stress-induced senescence through maintaining organelle genome stability via R-loop homeostasis, repressing the transcription at a configuration condition, recruiting RNA to impact organelle RNA editing and splicing, as evidenced in several species, WHIRLY proteins also act as retrograde signal transducers between organelles and the nucleus through protein modification and stromule or vesicle trafficking. In addition, WHIRLY proteins interact with hormones, ROS and environmental signals to orchestrate cell fate in an age-dependent manner. Finally, prospects for further research and promotion to improve crop production under environmental constraints are highlighted.

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Plastid Nucleoids: Insights into Their Shape and Dynamics

Nishimura

2023

Plant and Cell Physiology

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Chloroplasts/Plastids are unique organelles found in plant cells and some algae, and are responsible for performing essential functions such as photosynthesis. The plastid genome, consisting of circular and linear DNA molecules, is packaged and organized into specialized structures called nucleoids. The composition and dynamics of these nucleoids have been the subject of intense research, as they are critical for proper plastid functions and development. In this minireview, recent advances in understanding the organization and regulation of plastid nucleoids are overviewed, with a focus on the various proteins and factors that regulate the shape and dynamics of nucleoids, including DNA-binding proteins, and membrane anchorage proteins. The dynamic nature of nucleoid organization, which is influenced by a variety of developmental cues and the cell cycle, is also examined.

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WHIRLY1 of Barley and Maize Share a PRAPP Motif Conferring Nucleoid Compaction

Cited by 9 publications

References 72 publications

WHIRLIES Are Multifunctional DNA-Binding Proteins With Impact on Plant Development and Stress Resistance

WHIRLIES Are Multifunctional DNA-Binding Proteins With Impact on Plant Development and Stress Resistance

WHIRLY proteins, multi-layer regulators linking the nucleus and organelles in developmental and stress-induced senescence of plants

Plastid Nucleoids: Insights into Their Shape and Dynamics

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