White Blood Cells in Obesity and Diabetes

Veronelli, Anna; Laneri, Marco; Ranieri, Roberto; Koprivec, Diana; Vardaro, D.; Paganelli, Michele; Folli, Franco; Pontiroli, Antonio E.

doi:10.2337/diacare.27.10.2501

Cited by 55 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…High WBC associates with obesity [27] and represents a risk factor for atherosclerosis [28]. In agreement with our report, Veronelli et al [29] found that in formerly obese patients who had undergone bariatric surgery, WBC decreased significantly within the first 6 months after surgery, and furthermore, changes in BMI predicted those of WBC [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Decrease of Serum Levels of Human Neutrophil Alpha-Defensins Parallels with the Surgery-Induced Amelioration of NASH in Obesity

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Decrease of Serum Levels of Human Neutrophil Alpha-Defensins Parallels with the Surgery-Induced Amelioration of NASH in Obesity

et al. 2010

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“…In addition, we found that carriers of the G/G genotype exhibited higher peripheral white blood cell counts. A higher peripheral white blood cell count has been repeatedly associated with insulin resistance and reduction of insulin resistance is associated with a reduction of white blood cell count (15,19,20). Interestingly, knockout mice lacking IL-6 showed reduced numbers of peripheral blood neutrophils (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C-174G Polymorphism in the Promoter of the Interleukin-6 Gene Is Associated With Insulin Resistance

Cardellini¹,

Perego

D’Adamo³

et al. 2005

Diabetes Care

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OBJECTIVE -The C-174G promoter polymorphism of the interleukin (IL)-6 gene was found to influence transcriptional activity and plasma IL-6 levels in humans. We addressed the question of whether the C-174G IL-6 polymorphism contributes to variation of insulin sensitivity.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Two cohorts of subjects were genotyped. Cohort 1 includes 275 nondiabetic subjects who underwent a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Cohort 2 includes 77 patients with morbid obesity who underwent laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).RESULTS -The genotypes were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium proportions. In cohort 1, insulin sensitivity was reduced in carriers of the Ϫ174G/G genotype as compared with subjects carrying the C allele (P ϭ 0.004). Carriers of Ϫ174G/G displayed significantly higher plasma IL-6 levels in comparison with carriers of the C allele. In a stepwise linear regression analysis, the C-174G polymorphism was independently associated with insulin sensitivity; however, after inclusion of plasma IL-6 concentrations, the polymorphism was excluded from the model explaining insulin sensitivity variability, thus suggesting that the polymorphism was affecting insulin sensitivity by regulating IL-6 plasma levels. IL-6 mRNA levels were measured by real-time RT-PCR in subcutaneous fat obtained from obese patients of cohort 2 during LAGB. Carriers of Ϫ174G/G showed increased IL-6 expression compared with subjects carrying the C allele (P ϭ 0.04). There was a significant correlation between adipose IL-6 mRNA expression and insulin resistance assessed by homeostasis model assessment ( ϭ 0.28, P ϭ 0.014).CONCLUSIONS -These results indicate that the Ϫ174G/G genotype of the IL-6 gene may contribute to variations in insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care 28:2007-2012, 2005T here is increasing evidence suggesting the concept that chronic lowgrade activation of the immune system may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (1-3). Cross-sectional and prospective studies have shown that increased levels of systemic inflammatory markers such as interleukin (IL)-6, a major proinflammatory cytokine expressed in several tissues including leukocytes, adipocytes, and endothelial cells, are associated with type 2 diabetes and glucose disorders (1-3). Both circulating levels of IL-6 and adipose tissue IL-6 content have been correlated with insulin resistance (4,5). Moreover, high circulating IL-6 concentrations have been found to predict the development of type 2 diabetes (6).It has been reported that the common C-174G polymorphism in the promoter of the human IL-6 gene regulates its transcription in vitro with the G allele, showing increased transcriptional activity both under basal condition and in response to inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharides or IL-1 (7). However, data on the effects of this polymorphism on IL-6 levels in vivo have led to conflicting results. Some studies have shown that individuals with the G/G genotype have higher circulating IL-6 levels, as w...

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“…Among them, oxydized low density lipoprotein (LDL), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1), endothelin -1, eselectin, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and leptin (a possible mediator of left ventricolar hypertrophy) [47][48][49][50][51][52] . There is also reduction of inflammatory indexes such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which is known to predict coronary mortality 53 , as well as increase of adipokines, in particular adiponectin, which are associated with improved insulin sensitivity 54 , and reduction of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 32 55 .…”

Section: How Bariatric Surgery Prevents CV Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric surgery and prevention of cardiovascular events and mortality in morbid obesity: Mechanisms of action and choice of surgery

Boido

Ceriani

Cetta

et al. 2015

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

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White Blood Cells in Obesity and Diabetes

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

The Decrease of Serum Levels of Human Neutrophil Alpha-Defensins Parallels with the Surgery-Induced Amelioration of NASH in Obesity

The Decrease of Serum Levels of Human Neutrophil Alpha-Defensins Parallels with the Surgery-Induced Amelioration of NASH in Obesity

C-174G Polymorphism in the Promoter of the Interleukin-6 Gene Is Associated With Insulin Resistance

Bariatric surgery and prevention of cardiovascular events and mortality in morbid obesity: Mechanisms of action and choice of surgery

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