White Fat Progenitor Cells Reside in the Adipose Vasculature

Tang, Wei; Zeve, Daniel; Suh, Jae Myoung; Bosnakovski, Darko; Kyba, Michael; Hammer, Robert E.; Tallquist, Michelle D.; Graff, Jonathan M.

doi:10.1126/science.1156232

Cited by 994 publications

(1,078 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…With regards to adipogenesis, Uezumi et al showed that PDGFRα+ MSCs, completely distinct from PDGFRβ+ pericytes, are responsible for adipogenesis in skeletal muscles and a balance between satellite cell-derived myofibres and PDGFRα+ cells maintain muscle homeostasis (Uezumi et al, 2010). However, differentiation of pericytes into adipocytes has been documented (Birbrair et al, 2013a;Farrington-Rock et al, 2004;Tang et al, 2008), and the differences between studies may well be dependent on the muscle condition and the subsequent interaction between cell types in the context of muscle injury.…”

Section: Muscle Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pericytes, mesenchymal stem cells and their contributions to tissue repair

Wong

Rowley

Redpath

et al. 2015

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

152

110

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Regenerative medicine using mesenchymal stem cells for the purposes of tissue repair has garnered considerable public attention due to the potential of returning tissues and organs to a normal, healthy state after injury or damage has occurred. To achieve this, progenitor cells such as pericytes and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be delivered exogenously, mobilised and recruited from within the body or transplanted in the form organs and tissues grown in the laboratory from stem cells. In this review, we summarise the recent evidence supporting the use of endogenously mobilised stem cell populations to enhance tissue repair along with the use of mesenchymal stem cells and pericytes in the development of engineered tissues. Finally, we conclude with an overview of currently available therapeutic options to manipulate endogenous stem cells to promote tissue repair.

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Section: Muscle Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pericytes, mesenchymal stem cells and their contributions to tissue repair

Wong

Rowley

Redpath

et al. 2015

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

152

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recent evidence suggests that white adipocytes may have different origins along the anterior-posterior axis: neural crest in the cephalic region, and putatively mesoderm in the trunk (Billon et al, 2008). In addition, at least some precursors of white fat cells may derive from mural cells associated with blood vessels in mice (Tang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Dynamics Of At Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenesis of muscle and adipose tissues and their interactions in ruminants and other species

Bonnet

Cassar-Malek

Chilliard

et al. 2010

Animal

113

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The lean-to-fat ratio, that is, the relative masses of muscle and adipose tissue, is a criterion for the yield and quality of bovine carcasses and meat. This review describes the interactions between muscle and adipose tissue (AT) that may regulate the dynamic balance between the number and size of muscle v. adipose cells. Muscle and adipose tissue in cattle grow by an increase in the number of cells (hyperplasia), mainly during foetal life. The total number of muscle fibres is set by the end of the second trimester of gestation. By contrast, the number of adipocytes is never set. Number of adipocytes increases mainly before birth until 1 year of age, depending on the anatomical location of the adipose tissue. Hyperplasia concerns brown pre-adipocytes during foetal life and white pre-adipocytes from a few weeks after birth. A decrease in the number of secondary myofibres and an increase in adiposity in lambs born from mothers severely underfed during early pregnancy suggest a balance in the commitment of a common progenitor into the myogenic or adipogenic lineages, or a reciprocal regulation of the commitment of two distinct progenitors. The developmental origin of white adipocytes is a subject of debate. Molecular and histological data suggested a possible transdifferentiation of brown into white adipocytes, but this hypothesis has now been challenged by the characterization of distinct precursor cells for brown and white adipocytes in mice. Increased nutrient storage in fully differentiated muscle fibres and adipocytes, resulting in cell enlargement (hypertrophy), is thought to be the main mechanism, whereby muscle and fat masses increase in growing cattle. Competition or prioritization between adipose and muscle cells for the uptake and metabolism of nutrients is suggested, besides the successive waves of growth of muscle v. adipose tissue, by the inhibited or delayed adipose tissue growth in bovine genotypes exhibiting strong muscular development. This competition or prioritization occurs through cellular signalling pathways and the secretion of proteins by adipose tissue (adipokines) and muscle (myokines), putatively regulating their hypertrophy in a reciprocal manner. Further work on the mechanisms underlying cross-talk between brown or white adipocytes and muscle fibres will help to achieve better understanding as a prerequisite to improving the control of body growth and composition in cattle.

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“…Indeed, it has long been known that a large pool of preadipocytes exists in human adipose tissue (Fischer-Posovszky et al, 2007). The finding of a pool of early committed white adipocyte precursors in the mural cell compartment of the adipose vasculature supplies an additional putative source for new adipocytes (Tang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inflammatory micro-environment promotes human adipocyte apoptosis

Keuper

Blüher

Schön

et al. 2011

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Obesity-associated macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue is responsible for both local and systemic inflammation. Recent findings suggest fat cell apoptosis as an initiator of macrophage recruitment.Here, we investigated the effects of an inflammatory micro-environment on fat cells by using human THP-1 macrophages and SGBS adipocytes. Macrophage-secreted factors induced insulin resistance, inhibited insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation, and induced apoptosis of adipocytes. The apoptosisinducing effect was even more pronounced in direct co-cultures of adipocytes and macrophages. Our data suggest a link between insulin resistance and apoptosis sensitivity. Accordingly, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of insulin signaling at the level of Akt2 sensitized adipocytes to apoptosis induction by macrophage-secreted factors.In conclusion, we describe here a novel interaction of macrophages and fat cells, i.e. induction of apoptosis. Our data suggest a feed-forward cycle in which macrophages further drive the inflammatory process by inducing insulin resistance and concomitant apoptosis of adipocytes.

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White Fat Progenitor Cells Reside in the Adipose Vasculature

Cited by 994 publications

References 28 publications

Pericytes, mesenchymal stem cells and their contributions to tissue repair

Pericytes, mesenchymal stem cells and their contributions to tissue repair

Ontogenesis of muscle and adipose tissues and their interactions in ruminants and other species

An inflammatory micro-environment promotes human adipocyte apoptosis

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