White Flight and Coming to the Nuisance: Can Residential Mobility Explain Environmental Injustice?

Depro, Brooks; Timmins, Christopher; O’Neil, Maggie

doi:10.1086/682716

Cited by 58 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Driven by the social struggles over the ‘profits of space’, the lived experiences and patterns of segregation are dependent on various social fields and heavily mediated by the state (Bourdieu ). The link between spatial separation and social inequality is contingent on the tendency of the housing market to sort high income residents into neighbourhoods with the best access to education, employment and amenities and the lowest levels of pollution, and crime (Kuminoff et al ; Depro et al ) and the distribution of public services and goods. For this reason, the link between separation and inequality is strongest in more liberal contexts – notably the US and UK.…”

Section: Why Segregation Matters: Inequality and Democratic Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature on neighbourhood effects has highlighted the various ways in which social isolation, and the concentration of poverty, stigma, and poor access to employment and commercial opportunities, may be detrimental to life chances of both adults and children (see review by Galster & Sharkey ). The tendency for housing market sorting processes to be more potent as the distribution of income is more unequal (Depro et al ), combined with negative effects of concentrated poverty on social mobility and life outcomes (Galster & Sharkey ), means that inequality and segregation can become mutually reinforcing.…”

Section: Why Segregation Matters: Inequality and Democratic Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Segregation in the Twenty First Century: Processes, Complexities and Future Directions

Piekut

Pryce

Gent

2019

Tijd voor Econ & Soc Geog

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Economic inequality, international migration and urban transformation have generated fresh interest in segregation and given new social significance to questions of socio‐spatial separation and interaction. At the same time, advances in data, methods and theory are opening up new avenues of inquiry that push the focus beyond simple measures of unevenness of residential patterns towards more nuanced analysis of spatial asymmetry, structure and scale. There is also a drive towards considering spaces and activities outside the neighbourhood, bringing new richness to our understanding of how various social groups interact in the various aspects of their lives. These processes and complexities form the backdrop for our special issue and we reflect on the implications for future priorities in research on segregation in the twenty first century.

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Section: Why Segregation Matters: Inequality and Democratic Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why Segregation Matters: Inequality and Democratic Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregation in the Twenty First Century: Processes, Complexities and Future Directions

Piekut

Pryce

Gent

2019

Tijd voor Econ & Soc Geog

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“…Even in the United States (US) it remains difficult to measure exposure to air pollution: of 3144 counties, only 1289 have monitors for criteria air pollutants at any point between 1990-2013. As a result, studies exploring differential air pollution exposure have generally focused on a select set of cities where detailed data are available (e.g., Depro, Timmins, and O'Neil (2015)) or communities that are sufficiently proximate to a facility that emits toxic air pollutants such that certain levels of exposure can reasonably be assumed (e.g., Been and Gupta (1997); Banzhaf and Walsh (2008)). Recent advances in measurement and modeling may address some of these longstanding data challenges.…”

Section: Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution of Environmental Damages

Hsiang¹,

Oliva²,

Walker³

2019

Review of Environmental Economics and Policy

144

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Most regulations designed to reduce environmental externalities impose costs on individuals and firms. An active body of research has explored how these costs are disproportionately born by different sectors of the economy and/or across different groups of individuals. However, much less is known about the distributional characteristics of the environmental benefits created by these policies, or conversely, the differences in environmental damages associated with existing environmental externalities. We review this burgeoning literature and develop a simple and general framework for focusing future empirical investigations. We apply our framework to findings related to the economic impact of air pollution, deforestation, and climate, highlighting important areas for future research. A recurring challenge to understanding the distributional effects of environmental damages is distinguishing between cases where (i) populations are exposed to different levels or changes in an environmental good, and (ii) where an incremental change in the environment may have very different implications for some populations. In the latter case, it is often difficult to empirically identify the underlying sources of heterogeneity in marginal damages, as damages may stem from either non-linear and/or heterogeneous damage functions. Nonetheless, understanding the determinants of heterogeneity in environmental benefits and damages is crucial for welfare analysis and policy design.

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“…However, to date, no such discourse is evident in China's environmental policy discussion, where the topic of environmental inequality has just started to emerge. mechanisms that see disadvantaged groups disproportionately exposed following their movement into polluted areas for cheaper housing and work opportunities, and/or the movement away of the more affluent (Pastor et al 2001;Richardson et al 2010;Depro et al 2015). Due to data limitations, we use sub-district level PM2.5 concentration to approximate air pollution exposure of populations, and the health impacts of such environmental risks has not been investigated, a common challenge in prior environmental inequality studies (Lakes et al 2014;Laurian 2008 developing the understanding of those other factors related to age and disadvantage that contribute further to health inequality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spatial analysis of air pollution and environmental inequality in Beijing, 2000–2010

Liu

Mitchell

et al. 2019

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management

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Whilst air pollution is a major problem in China, little is known about how it is distributed socially and how such distributions are changing over time. We use population census and air quality data for 2000 and 2010 to explore socio-spatial and temporal inequalities in air pollution for Beijing. We find that clear environmental inequalities exist with respect to measures of social disadvantage, such as hukou migrant status, very young children (aged 0-4 years), and the elderly (aged ≥ 65 years). Our temporal analysis reveals that environmental inequality increases for migrants and the elderly, who bear a disproportionate and rising share of declining air quality from 2000 to 2010. Regression results emphasise the spatial and temporal variations in environmental inequality, as the associations between air pollution and social demographics differ between different urban zones of Beijing and their geographic patterns change significantly over time.

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White Flight and Coming to the Nuisance: Can Residential Mobility Explain Environmental Injustice?

Cited by 58 publications

References 21 publications

Segregation in the Twenty First Century: Processes, Complexities and Future Directions

Segregation in the Twenty First Century: Processes, Complexities and Future Directions

The Distribution of Environmental Damages

A spatial analysis of air pollution and environmental inequality in Beijing, 2000–2010

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