White-light manipulation in Ho 3+ /Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ -doped LiNbO 3 single crystals through transition metal Mn 2+ ion doping

White light emission from single-phase Y2MoO6: xPr3+ (x = 1, 2, 3 and 4 mol%) phosphor

“…Based on the results obtained by single-phase phosphors [16,17], researchers developed numerous surveys about the production of white emitters using single host matrix. Shang et al [18] mentioned four possible methods to obtain white light in single-phase dies: (i) emission in white can be generated from the doping of only one type of rare earth in the matrix [14]; (ii) white light can be generated by combining multiple rare earth ions with simultaneous different emissions: red, green and blue; yellow and blue (such as Ho 3+ / Yb 3+ / Tm 3+ , Tm 3+ / Tb 3+ / Eu 3+ [19,20]; (iii) the emission of white light can be generated by the association of ions in pairs based on the energy transfer mechanism (Eu 3+ / Tb 3+ , Tm 3+ / Er 3+ , Tm 3+ / Ho 3+ , Dy 3+ /Eu 3+ , Dy 3+ /Sm 3+ ) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and (iv) luminescent materials related to electronic defects may also emit white light [28].…”

Improved Electret Properties of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)/Lithium Niobate Nanocomposites for Applications in Air Filters

“…The β phase can be obtained by mechanical stretching or adding nanoparticles . LN is a widely used photorefractive nonlinear optical material with good birefringence, ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, and pyroelectricity . Although LN has been used in optical volume holographic storage devices, it is seldomly used as fillers in composites …”