White matter lesions are associated with cortical atrophy more than entorhinal and hippocampal atrophy

Du, Antao; Schuff, Norbert; Chao, Li-Lian; Kornak, John; Ezekiel, Frank; Jagust, William J.; Kramer, Joel H.; Reed, Bruce R; Miller, Bruce L.; Norman, David; Chui, Helena C.; Weiner, Michael W.

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.05.002

Cited by 108 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…WMLs were also found to be associated with cortical atrophy and cortical hypometabolism in both dementia patients and normal elderly (24,46,47). The regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) was also correlated with the volume of WMLs in the same lobe.…”

Section: Histopathologic Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Classification of White Matter Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Elderly Persons

Kim

MacFall

Payne

2008

Biological Psychiatry

433

415

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White matter lesions, commonly seen on magnetic resonance images of elderly people, are related to various geriatric disorders including cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, dementia, and psychiatric disorders. Currently, white matter lesions are divided into periventricular white matter lesions and deep white matter lesions. Although the meaning of these terms vary by study and this dichotomization itself is still in debate, a possible dissimilarity in pathogenic mechanisms between periventricular white matter lesions and deep white matter lesions are providing some clues for understanding pathophysiology of many geriatric syndromes associated with white matter lesions.We have reviewed the distinctions between periventricular white matter lesions and deep white matter lesions in terms of etiology, histopathology, functional correlates, and imaging methodologies. We suggest a new sub-classification of white matter lesions which may have better etiological and functional relevance than the current simple dichotomization. The new categories are juxtaventricular, periventricular, deep white, and juxtacortical. This new classification scheme may contribute to reducing the heterogeneity of white matter lesion findings in future research.

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Section: Histopathologic Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Classification of White Matter Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Elderly Persons

Kim

MacFall

Payne

2008

Biological Psychiatry

433

415

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“…(de Leeuw et al, 2004)); some found no relationship between hippocampal volume and WMH volume (e.g. (Du et al, 2005)). However, we do not have volume information of WML for individual subjects in our study.…”

Section: Volumetric Lossmentioning

confidence: 98%

Age effects on hippocampal structural changes in old men: The HAAS

Valentino

Scher

et al. 2008

NeuroImage

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Understanding the variability of the hippocampus in human brain research is essential. The effect of age on the hippocampus has been explored in several studies that have been focused on either normal aging or neural degeneration. Shape analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides morphological measures for brain structures. This study further investigates the age effects on hippocampal morphology in three groups (104 normal controls, 24 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 14 vascular dementia (VaD) patients). By utilizing a parametric shape analysis of hippocampal MRI scans, each individual distance map is generated and analyzed statistically. Specifically, after eliminating similarity parameters (rotation, translation, and scaling) effects for each hippocampus, an individual distance map is generated from parametric hippocampal surfaces and medial axes. Then statistical methods, including regression, and permutation tests, are applied to detect the differences in hippocampal distance maps and volumes under the effect of age in each group. Statistical analyses reveal that the loss of hippocampal volume and changes in shape are more significantly related to aging in the control group than in AD/VaD. The results also show that the asymmetry of hippocampus in healthy subjects is greater than that in either of the disease groups. Our study shows that 3D statistical shape analysis could enhance the understanding of age effects on local areas of hippocampi. However, the sample sizes of disease groups are relatively low; further studies with more AD/VaD data are needed.

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“…The annual atrophy rates increase from 0.04-1.4% volume losses in normal aging to 7% in AD [79,84]. Baseline entorhinal and hippocampal volumes and their annual atrophy rates are predictive of clinical conversion of MCI to AD [85].…”

Section: Tissue Level: Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presence of hippocampal and cortical atrophy with predilection for the parietal lobes, demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is considered consistent with the diagnosis of AD. Hippocampal atrophy occurs in normal aging at 0.05-1.7% of hippocampal volume loss per year [78,79]. The rate of hippocampal atrophy in MCI varies.…”

Section: Tissue Level: Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early diagnostics and therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease – how early can we get there?

Monien¹,

Apostolova²,

Bitan³

2006

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major threat for the rapidly aging world population. AD is the leading cause of dementia and a major cause of death in developed countries. The disease puts a tremendous practical, emotional and financial burden on individuals and governments. Clinicians and researchers in the AD field face great challenges: the pathophysiological processes that cause AD are not well understood, definite diagnosis of AD requires autopsy, and therapeutic options are limited to treating the symptoms rather than the cause of the disease. Nevertheless, new insights into the earliest events that lead to development of AD increase hope that reliable diagnostics and efficacious therapies may emerge. KeywordsAβ; Alzheimer's disease; amyloid; dementia; diagnosis; mild cognitive impairment; therapy Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of late-life dementia, accounting for approximately two-thirds of all dementia cases [1]. AD is a major cause of death and a tremendous financial and emotional problem, the magnitude of which is predicted to increase steeply in the next few decades if no cure is found. Here, we review the current knowledge of the processes that lead to AD and their implications on recent advances in diagnostics and therapeutics for AD. To this end, we have chosen a stepwise approach of increasing complexity in each step. We discuss how molecular events affect cells, cellular insults accumulate into tissue damage and tissue deterioration eventually affects the whole person. This stepwise approach is directed at both clinicians and basic researchers working in the AD field. †Author for correspondence,

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White matter lesions are associated with cortical atrophy more than entorhinal and hippocampal atrophy

Cited by 108 publications

References 39 publications

Classification of White Matter Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Elderly Persons

Classification of White Matter Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Elderly Persons

Age effects on hippocampal structural changes in old men: The HAAS

Early diagnostics and therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease – how early can we get there?

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