White OLED Devices

Ma, Dongge

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-00176-0_24

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 71 publications

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“…An OLED device consists of a multilayer structure (Figure 2) [22][23][24], traditionally emitting through a substrate (bottom-emitting OLED), primarily composed of an emissive layer (EML) sandwiched between a transparent anode (commonly based on indium tin oxide, ITO), deposited on a transparent substrate, and an opaque metal cathode. In the emissive layer, the injected charges, electrons, and holes meet to form excitons, which are excited molecule states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming Challenges in OLED Technology for Lighting Solutions

Liguori,

Nunziata,

Aprano

et al. 2024

Electronics

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In academic research, OLEDs have exhibited rapid evolution thanks to the development of innovative materials, new device architectures, and optimized fabrication methods, achieving high performance in recent years. The numerous advantages that increasingly distinguish them from traditional light sources, such as a large and customizable emission area, color tunability, flexibility, and transparency, have positioned them as a promising candidate for various applications in the lighting market, including the residential, automotive, industrial, and agricultural sectors. However, despite these promising attributes, the widespread industrial production of OLEDs encounters significant challenges. Key considerations center around efficiency and lifetime. In the present review, after introducing the theoretical basis of OLEDs and summarizing the main performance developments in the industrial field, three crucial aspects enabling OLEDs to establish a competitive advantage in terms of performance and versatility are critically discussed: the quality and stability of the emitted light, with a specific focus on white light and its tunability; the transparency of both electrodes for the development of fully transparent and integrable devices; and the uniformity of emission over a large area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming Challenges in OLED Technology for Lighting Solutions

Liguori,

Nunziata,

Aprano

et al. 2024

Electronics

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Quantum Dot-Based White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Excited by a Blue OLED

et al. 2022

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In this study, white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) consisting of red quantum dots (RQD) and green quantum dots (GQD) were investigated. These are the most exciting new lighting technologies that have grown rapidly in recent years. The white OLED development processes used consisted of the following methods: (a) fabrication of a blue single-emitting layer OLED, (b) nanoimprinting into QD photoresists, and (c) green and red QD photoresists as color conversion layers (CCL) excited by blue OLEDs. To fabricate the blue OLED, the HATCN/TAPC pair was selected for the hole injection/transport layer on ITO and TPBi for the electron transport layer. For blue-emitting material, we used a novel polycyclic framework of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material, ν-DABNA, which does not utilize any heavy metals and has a sharp and narrow (FWHM 28 nm) electroluminescence spectrum. The device structure was ITO/HATCN (20 nm)/TAPC (30 nm)/MADN: ν-DABNA (40 nm)/TPBi (30 nm)/LiF (0.8 nm)/Al (150 nm) with an emitting area of 1 cm × 1 cm. The current density, luminance, and efficiency of blue OLEDs at 8 V are 87.68 mA/cm2, 963.9 cd/m2, and 1.10 cd/A, respectively. Next, the bottom emission side of the blue OLED was attached to nanoimprinted RQD and GQD photoresists, which were excited by the blue OLED in order to generate an orange and a green color, respectively, and combined with blue light to achieve a nearly white light. In this study, two different excitation architectures were tested: BOLED➔GQD➔RQD and BOLED➔RQD➔GQD. The EL spectra showed that the BOLED➔GQD➔RQD architecture had stronger green emissions than BOLED➔RQD➔GQD because the blue OLED excited the GQD PR first then RQD PR. Due to the energy gap architectures in BOLED-GQD-RQD, the green QD absorbed part of the blue light emitted from the BOLED, and the remaining blue light penetrated the GQD to reach the RQD. These excited spectra were very close to the white light, which resulted in three peaks emitting at 460, 530, and 620 nm. The original blue CIE coordinates were (0.15, 0.07). After the excitation combination, the CIE coordinates were (0.42, 0.33), which was close to the white light position.

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White OLED Devices

Cited by 2 publications

References 71 publications

Overcoming Challenges in OLED Technology for Lighting Solutions

Overcoming Challenges in OLED Technology for Lighting Solutions

Quantum Dot-Based White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Excited by a Blue OLED

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