White Paper on Pharmacy Admissions: Developing a Diverse Work Force to Meet the Health-Care Needs of an Increasingly Diverse Society

Wall, Andrea; Aljets, Alex; Ellis, Steve C.; Hansen, Daniel J.; Moore, W. M.; Petrelli, Heather M.W.; Speedie, Marilyn K.; TenHoeve, Tom; Watchmaker, Cynthia; Winnike, Janeen S.; Wurth, Stephanie D.

doi:10.5688/ajpe797s7

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In addition to AACP's recognition of importance of noncognitive traits, the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) Committee on Admissions endorsed resilience as one of nine core personal competencies for entering medical students. 1,63 Although the body of evidence within health professions is relatively weak and with conflicting results, both grit and resilience have been shown to correlate with academic success. 36,37,55 It is relatively easy for educators to envision how perseverance and determination are valuable characteristics for students and graduates, especially with regard to overcoming adversity in school and careers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 2015 AACP White Paper on Pharmacy Admissions recognized non-cognitive traits, similar to grit and resilience, as imperative for consideration when seeking to admit well-rounded students. 1 The concepts of grit and resilience, terms generally used to describe the ability to persevere through hardships to meet goals, are rapidly emerging topics in both popular press and peer-reviewed literature. Resilience has been cited as a predictor of well-being 2 and grit has been found to be associated with academic and professional success independent of IQ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Grit and Resilience Literature within Health Professions Education

Stoffel

Cain

2018

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

182

142

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Objective. To review literature pertaining to grit and resilience in health professions education. Findings. There is significant interest in grit and resilience throughout the health professions, but little has been published with regard to pharmacy. Although there are methodological issues with defining and measuring grit and resilience, several studies have shown relationships between the constructs and personal and academic well-being. Educational interventions aimed at increasing grit and resilience have produced mixed results. Developing protective factors appears to be the most common approach in helping students become more resilient. Summary. Literature pertaining to grit and resilience reveals that the terms are nuanced, complex, and difficult to measure and understand. Regardless, the general characteristics associated with grit and resilience are of interest to educators and warrant further study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Grit and Resilience Literature within Health Professions Education

Stoffel

Cain

2018

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

182

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…2 To assess pre-pharmacy competency, Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT) scores and admission grade point averages (GPAs) continue to be the most frequently used measures. 2 Prior studies have found that PCAT scores and admission GPAs may be…”

Section: The Accreditation Council For Pharmacy Education (Acpe) Accrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Association of GPA and PCAT Scores on Objective Structured Clinical Examination Scores

Williams

Metcalfe

Shelton

et al. 2019

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

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Objective. To examine the association between certain demographic and admission measures and Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) performance in a cohort of pharmacy students. Methods.A retrospective review of demographic characteristics, admissions data (cumulative and science admission GPA, PCAT scores), and OSCE scores was performed for the Class of 2017 at the University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy. Independent samples t-tests, correlational analysis, and multiple linear regression were conducted. Conclusions.A number of statistically significant correlations were found between demographic and admissions measures and specific OSCE scores. Regression models were significant but explained a low percentage of the variance in OSCE scores, suggesting other factors not included in the study have a greater effect on scores. Such factors may include knowledge acquired in pharmacy school courses such as the therapeutics course series.

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“…The PCAT functions as a standardised cognitive assessment and represents a fair, efficient and relevant method by which to select applicants for interview. Further, as indicated recently, in future the PCAT may include a situational judgement test component, which would further enhance its use as an admissions tool …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Multiple mini-interview predictive validity for performance on a pharmacy licensing examination

et al. 2017

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The MMI, designed to measure non-academic attributes including communication, motivation and problem-solving skills, was the only admissions tool with significant predictive validity for performance on the PEBC-OSCE national pharmacy certification examination and in an institutional/ambulatory rotation. These findings, from a single cohort of undergraduates, provide the first report of the predictive validity of the MMI for performance on pharmacy licensure examinations and thereby strengthen the evidence for its use in health professions selection. Prior university academic performance significantly predicted cGPA and performance on the PEBC-MCQ. Performance on the PCAT also predicted PEBC-MCQ results.

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White Paper on Pharmacy Admissions: Developing a Diverse Work Force to Meet the Health-Care Needs of an Increasingly Diverse Society

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Review of Grit and Resilience Literature within Health Professions Education

Review of Grit and Resilience Literature within Health Professions Education

Examining the Association of GPA and PCAT Scores on Objective Structured Clinical Examination Scores

Multiple mini-interview predictive validity for performance on a pharmacy licensing examination

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