White spot baculovirus syndrome in the Indian shrimp Penaeus monodon and P. indicus

Rajan, P. R.; Ramasamy, P.; Purushothaman, V.; Brennan, Gerard

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(99)00315-4

Cited by 52 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It has an affinity for tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origin, especially in subcuticular stomach epithelium and the digestive epithelium (hepatopancreas and mid-gut; Chang et al 1998;Kasornchandra et al 1998;Maeda et al 2000). Rajan et al (2000) noted that the dysfunction of these target tissues was the leading cause of death in the infected shrimp. But now there has been the less understanding about the mechanisms of virus attachment and entry into shrimp cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oral recombinant VP28 expressed in silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupa on immune response and disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii

Wei

2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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The envelope protein VP28 of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) was overexpressed in the silkworm Bombyx mori, which was achieved by using a baculovirus (HyNPV) expression system and by making silkworm pupa as an alternative host, and then it was directly supplemented in diet at a dose of 20 g kg -1 without purification. During a 30 day feeding period, the levels of phenoloxidase (PO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the haemolymph of the tested Procambarus clarkii increased greatly (P \ 0.05) when compared to the control crayfish fed with wild-type HyNPV baculovirusinfected silkworms or normal silkworms. Compared with two controls, the crayfish which had been infected for 20 days showed a significantly lower (P \ 0.05) mean cumulative mortality (15.6%), which respectively, resulted in relative percent survivals (RPS) of 83.7 and 84.4%. The efficacy to inhibition of viral infection was further studied by in situ hybridization with a WSSV-specific DNA probe. The high levels of PO and SOD might be important for developing resistance against WSSV in these crayfish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oral recombinant VP28 expressed in silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupa on immune response and disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii

Wei

2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…route compared with the LT 50 of equivalent doses inoculated orally. Sahul-Hameed et al 1998, Rajendran et al 1999, Rajan et al 2000. In the sergestoid shrimp Acetes sp., individuals inoculated by i.m.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) inoculation procedures for intramuscular or oral routes

Escobedo-Bonilla¹,

Audoorn²,

Wille³

et al. 2006

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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In the past, strategies to control white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) were mostly tested by infectivity trials in vivo using immersion or per os inoculation of undefined WSSV infectious doses, which complicated comparisons between experiments. In this study, the reproducibility of 3 defined doses (10, 30 and 90 shrimp infectious doses 50% endpoint [SID 50 ]) of WSSV was determined in 3 experiments using intramuscular (i.m.) or oral inoculation in specific pathogen-free (SPF) Litopenaeus vannamei. Reproducibility was determined by the time of onset of disease, cumulative mortality, and median lethal time (LT 50 ). By i.m. route, the 3 doses induced disease between 24 and 36 h post inoculation (hpi). Cumulative mortality was 100% at 84 hpi with doses of 30 and 90 SID 50 and 108 hpi with a dose of 10 SID 50 . The LT 50 of the doses 10, 30 and 90 SID 50 were 52, 51 and 49 hpi and were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Shrimp orally inoculated with 10, 30 or 90 SID 50 developed disease between 24 and 36 hpi. Cumulative mortality was 100% at 108 hpi with doses of 30 and 90 SID 50 and 120 hpi with a dose of 10 SID 50 . The LT 50 of 10, 30 and 90 SID 50 were 65, 57 and 50 hpi; these were significantly different from each other (p < 0.05). A dose of 30 SID 50 was selected as the standard for further WSSV challenges by i.m. or oral routes. These standardized inoculation procedures may be applied to other crustacea and WSSV strains in order to achieve comparable results among experiments.

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“…Despite its importance in commercial catches as well as in culture, histological investigations on the pathological changes in this species due to WSV have been attempted in very limited extend. The only available data is a briefing by Rajendran et al (1999) and Rajan et al (2000) who reported nuclear hypertrophy, cell lysis and tissue degeneration as well as the ultra structural of hypertrophied nucleus. This lack of information prompted to undertake the present study on the histopathological changes due to WSV and viral morphogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological changes in Fenneropenaeus indicus experimentally infected with white spot virus and virus morphogenesis

Manjusha

Varghese

Philip

et al. 2009

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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a b s t r a c tTo demonstrate pathological changes due to white spot virus infection in Fenneropenaeus indicus, a batch of hatchery bred quarantined animals was experimentally infected with the virus. Organs such as gills, foregut, mid-gut, hindgut, nerve, eye, heart, ovary and integument were examined by light and electron microscopy. Histopathological analyses revealed changes hitherto not reported in F. indicus such as lesions to the internal folding of gut resulted in syncytial mass sloughed off into lumen, thickening of hepatopancreatic connective tissue with vacuolization of tubules and necrosis of rectal pads in hindgut. Virus replication was seen in the crystalline tract region of the compound eye and eosinophilic granules infiltrated from its base. In the gill arch, dilation and disintegration of median blood vessel was observed. In the nervous tissues, encapsulation and subsequent atrophy of hypertrophied nuclei of the neurosecretory cells were found. Transmission electron microscopy showed viral replication and morphogenesis in cells of infected tissue. De novo formed vesicles covered the capsid forming a bilayered envelop opened at one end inside the virogenic stroma. Circular vesicles containing nuclear material was found fused with the envelop. Subsequent thickening of the envelop resulted in the fully formed virus. In this study, a correlation was observed between the stages of viral multiplication and the corresponding pathological changes in the cells during the WSV infection. Accordingly, gill and foregut tissues were found highly infected during the onset of clinical signs itself, and are proposed to be used as the tissues for routine disease diagnosis.

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White spot baculovirus syndrome in the Indian shrimp Penaeus monodon and P. indicus

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of oral recombinant VP28 expressed in silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupa on immune response and disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii

Effects of oral recombinant VP28 expressed in silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupa on immune response and disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii

Standardized white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) inoculation procedures for intramuscular or oral routes

Pathological changes in Fenneropenaeus indicus experimentally infected with white spot virus and virus morphogenesis

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