Whitening Efficiency of Laser 940 nm and LED (450-505) nm on Extrinsic Stained Teeth (in vitro study)

Abstract

Background: Teeth staining is one of the esthetic problems faced by dentists and patients. Many methods have been suggested as crowns, restorations and bleaching. Dental bleaching effectiveness depends on many factors including technique and materials.Objectives: Studying the effect of diode laser 940 nm and light emitting diode (450-505) nm in bleaching of stained teeth regarding : whitening efficiency; pulp temperature; surface roughness and topography.Materials and Methods: 40 extracted anterior teeth divided into 6 groups immersed at 37 o C in either tea; coffee; cola ; juice for 14 days, tobacco stained teeth as well as control group were also included ( immersed in distilled water ). These groups were subdivided into laser group or light emitting diode group bleached according to manufacturer specifications. Shades of teeth were recorded before and after bleaching. Furthermore, temperature changes during bleaching were recorded using thermocouple Thermometer. All specimens were examined under light microscope, Atomic Force Microscope and Sectioning Electronic Microscope to study the surface roughness and topography.Results: the light emitting diode group yielded slight significant whitening efficiency with more pulp temperature rise (3.4 ºC) compared to the laser group (1.4 ºC). Both groups showed non-significant effect on roughness and topography compared to control group. Conclusion:Although light emitting diode group showed slightly significant shade improvement, but the increase in pulp temperature was greater than that of laser group indicated better prognosis and safety when diode laser 940 nm used. Conducting between efficiency and preservation, diode laser is superior in safety and slightly similar whitening efficiency.

Efectividad de sustancias químicas en el clareamiento y biopelícula dental aplicado en el consultorio y ambulatorio

“…Para el aclaramiento interno usualmente se recurre al uso de perborato sódico diluido en agua, o también se puede usar peróxiodo de hidrógeno. Dependiendo del producto elegido, el sistema en consulta determinará el sistema de activación, los ciclos y tiempos de exposición con fuentes de fuente de luz como método de activación con protección de los tejidos peridentales con base a materiales acrílicos (Jankovic, 2009;Hassab et al, 2021). Algunos autores consideran evaluar el uso de peróxido como método de blanqueo, existe evidencias en estudios realizado in vitro de efectos citotóxicos provocado sobre cultivos celulares, incluyendo potenciales sustancias como cocarcinogénicos en experimento llevado a cabo con animales producto de la formación de radicales libres formados a partir del peróxido de hidrógeno (Munro et al, 2006); sin embargo ha sido difícil extrapolarlo a humanos debido al sistema de protección, como barreras mucosas o la presencia de enzimas peroxidasas salivares que contrarrestan o anulan este fenómeno (Tripton et al, 1995, Aldana-Sepúlveda & Vivas-Moncayo 2016.…”