Who does what the cardiologist recommends? Psychosocial markers of unhealthy behavior in coronary disease patients

Arrebola‐Moreno, Mercedes; Petrova, Dafina; Sánchez, María‐José; Ramírez-Hernández, J.A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228262

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In low-middle income countries like Sri Lanka, death and premature death associated with CHD in all age groups increased by 15.6% and 5% from 2009 to 2019 [ 4 ]. Modifiable risk factors, such as physical inactivity, smoking, consumption of an unhealthy diet and alcohol, elevated body mass index (BMI), high blood pressure, elevated serum lipids, and elevated fasting blood glucose levels are common among patients with CHD [ 5 , 6 ]. Prolonged exposure to these preventable risk factors increases the risk of recurrent cardiac events and premature death and leads to poor prognosis among patients with CHD [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a motivated, action-based intervention on improving physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with coronary heart disease in Sri Lanka: A randomized controlled trial protocol

Karthijekan

Cheng²

2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Coronary heart disease (CHD), is the major contributor to cardiac-associated mortality worldwide. Lifestyle modification, including physical activity, is highly recommended for secondary prevention for patients with CHD. However, many people in Sri Lanka with CHD do not engage in adequate physical activity. Objective To develop a culture-specific, motivated, and action-based intervention and examine its effects on physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy, and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with CHD. Methods and materials This is an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial that will recruit 150 patients with CHD from the inpatients cardiac unit of a hospital in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka, and will randomly assign them either to the intervention group or the control group. The participants in the intervention group will receive a culture-specific and motivated, action-based intervention in addition to the usual care, while participants in the control will only receive the usual care. The intervention consists of a face-to-face preparatory session and 12-week motivated, action-based sessions which were developed based on the health action process approach (HAPA) framework. The face-to-face preparatory session will identify the health needs of the participants, develop a goal-oriented patient-centered action plan, and provide knowledge and an overview of the program. The 12-week motivated, action-based sessions consist of three monthly group education and center-based group exercises, followed by three 20-min individualized telephone follow-ups. Outcomes will be assessed immediately after the intervention and at one-month post-intervention. Discussion This protocol proposes a supervised centered-based group exercise with group education, and individualized telephone follow-ups guided by the HAPA framework to improve the physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy, and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with CHD. Results from this study will inform the effectiveness of a motivated, action-based intervention in a low-resource setting and provide information on the feasibility, barriers, and facilitators for lifestyle modification in Sri Lanka. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov.org PRS: NCT05051774; Date of registration: September 21, 2021.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a motivated, action-based intervention on improving physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with coronary heart disease in Sri Lanka: A randomized controlled trial protocol

Karthijekan

Cheng²

2022

PLoS ONE

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“…Community-dwelling older adults often suffer from social isolation and have low participation in communal activities, so home-based programs that enable social interaction with others should help reach a high level of adherence. Many older people fail to adhere to lifestyle recommendations not because they purposefully decide to do so, but due to a lack of social support, missing coping skills, acute illnesses, or cognitive decline that hinder the sustainable implementation of healthy lifestyle changes [ 12 ]. Lifestyle interventions, that are exclusively focused on health outcomes and do not provide opportunities for social interaction, might be limited in obtaining long-term effects [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence Is More Than Just Being Present: Example of a Lay-Led Home-Based Programme with Physical Exercise, Nutritional Improvement and Social Support, in Prefrail and Frail Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Lackinger

Grabovac

Haider

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Little is known about the implementation of lifestyle interventions in frail, community-dwelling people. This study highlights different domains of adherence to explain an effectively delivered home-based intervention. Methods: Eighty prefrail and frail persons (≥65 years) participated in a physical training, nutritional, and social support intervention over 24 weeks. A detailed log book was kept for comprehensive documentation in order to assess adherence and further organizational, exercise, and nutritional parameters. Results: Participants reached an adherence rate (performed home visits/number of planned visits) of 84.0/80.5% from week 1–12/13–24. Out of those, 59% carried out ≥75% of the offered visits. Older age was associated with a higher adherence rate. A mean of 1.5 (0.6) visits/week (2 were planned) were realized lasting for a mean of 1.5 (0.9) hours (154% of the planned duration). Per visit, 1.2 (0.6) circuits of strength training were performed (60.5% of the planned value) and 0.5 (0.3) nutritional interventions (47%). After twelve months, 4.2% still carried out the home visits regularly and 25.0% occasionally. Conclusion: Adherence is much more than “being there”. Adherence rate and category are limited parameters to describe the implementation of a complex lifestyle intervention, therefore a comprehensive documentation is needed.

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Sex Moderates the Relationship Between Social Support and Cardiovascular Prevention Behaviors in Middle-aged and Older Adults

Blakoe

Petrova

García‐Retamero

et al. 2023

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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Background Most risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are modifiable, suggesting that the burden of CVD could be substantially reduced through cardiovascular screening and healthier lifestyle. People who have social support are more likely to adhere to cardiovascular prevention recommendations, but it is not clear whether the benefit of social support is equal for men and women. Purpose We investigated whether sex moderates the relationship between social support and adherence to cardiovascular prevention recommendations in a nationally representative sample. Methods Participants were 17,287 adults (n = 10,264 middle-aged adults 40–64 years old and n = 7,023 older adults ≥ 65 years old) who participated in the National Health Survey of Spain in 2017. Social support was measured with the Functional Social Support Questionnaire of Duke-UNC. Adherence to cardiovascular screening recommendations was assessed based on self-reported testing of cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar by a health professional in the past 12 months. Adherence to recommended health-related behaviors was assessed based on the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology regarding diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical activity. Results Multiple regression models adjusted for socio-demographic and cardiovascular history and risk variables showed that social support was more strongly associated with adherence to cardiovascular prevention recommendations in men than in women. In particular, low social support levels were especially detrimental for both middle-aged men (screening: B = 0.13, 95% CI [0.06–0.20], p < .001; behaviors: B = 0.33 [0.26–0.41], p < .001) and older men (screening: B = 0.10 [0.04–0.17], p = .001; behaviors: B = 0.16 [0.08–0.25], p < .001), whereas older women had comparatively high adherence, which was unrelated to social support (screening: B = 0.02 [−0.03 to 0.08], p = .433; behaviors: B = 0.03 [−0.03 to 0.10], p = .342). Conclusions Social support is more strongly associated with cardiovascular prevention in men than in women, such that men who lack social support have the lowest adherence to cardiovascular screening and lifestyle recommendations.

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Who does what the cardiologist recommends? Psychosocial markers of unhealthy behavior in coronary disease patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Effectiveness of a motivated, action-based intervention on improving physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with coronary heart disease in Sri Lanka: A randomized controlled trial protocol

Effectiveness of a motivated, action-based intervention on improving physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with coronary heart disease in Sri Lanka: A randomized controlled trial protocol

Adherence Is More Than Just Being Present: Example of a Lay-Led Home-Based Programme with Physical Exercise, Nutritional Improvement and Social Support, in Prefrail and Frail Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Sex Moderates the Relationship Between Social Support and Cardiovascular Prevention Behaviors in Middle-aged and Older Adults

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