Who Gained from Vietnam's Boom in the 1990s?

Trade Liberalisation and Poverty Dynamics in Vietnam

“…The relatively egalitarian distribution of land, the stress on agriculture during doi moi and the subsequent high growth of the economy suggest that the restructuring of the economy might have had a favourable impact on the poor in Vietnam. Glewwe et al (2002) find that, based on the official poverty line, absolute poverty incidence declined from 58.1 percent to 37.4 percent between 1992-1993 and 1997-1998. 6 The next section traces the product and labour market channels through which the trade reforms might be expected to have impacted poor 6 Justino and Litchfield (2004) find that alternative poverty lines also imply strong declines in poverty.…”

“…This is particularly likely to be a problem as the available data pertains to output not assets. The modelling in this section is related to that in Glewwe et al (2002) and Justino and Litchfield (2002), but differs in a number of important respects. First, our work is more closely focussed on the trade effects than the general dynamics of poverty in Vietnam.…”

“…The MNL is a common formulation for poverty work and was, as we noted, used by Glewwe et al (2002) in their pioneering work on Vietnam. However, it is not without its drawbacks.…”

Transitions between states of labor-force participation among older Israelis

“…This approach was used by other transitions studies (Glewwe et al 2002;Niimi et al 2004Niimi et al , 2007Justino et al 2008).…”

Promoting equity to achieve maternal and child health

“…At the same time, inequities in health have increased considerably and disadvantaged groups have been left behind. 36 In line with its socialist ideology, the Vietnamese authorities have deliberately targeted the poor, both through the National Target Programmes on Health in the 1990s and later with the National Health Care Fund for the Poor that was launched in 2002. Economic status is therefore not the main source of inequity in health in Viet Nam.…”