Who is a “real woman”? Empowerment and the discourse of respectability in Namibia's Zambezi region

Khumalo, Kathryn E.; McKay, Kimber Haddix; Freimund, Wayne

doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2014.10.002

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Among people between 15 to 49 years old, the national HIV prevalence rate stays at 13.3%. Based on the official Demographic and Health Survey by Namibia government in 2014, northern regions of Namibia are the most affected by HIV/AIDS, particularly with high rates at Zambezi (23.7%), Omusati (17.4%), Kavango (17%), Oshana (16.1%), and Ohangwena (15.6%) (Khumalo, McKay, & Freimund, 2015).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Hiv In Namibiamentioning

confidence: 99%

PrEP: AIDS-Free Hope in Namibia?

Namhindo¹,

Mei²,

Cao³

et al. 2017

IJB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes infections and over time leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV causes a loss of immune function in human and subsequent development of opportunistic infections. Namibia, one important country in West Africa, has been suffering HIV/AIDS incidence over years. Among people between 15 to 49 years old, the national HIV prevalence rate is more than 10%, which causes huge health and economic loss. Recently, Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been approved in Namibia for better prevention of HIV/AIDS. In this paper, we will review the current epidemic condition of HIV and the role played by PrEP in Namibia.

show abstract

Section: Prevalence Of Hiv In Namibiamentioning

confidence: 99%

PrEP: AIDS-Free Hope in Namibia?

Namhindo¹,

Mei²,

Cao³

et al. 2017

IJB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Men have often served as an integral center in the family unit and in advanced capitalist societies financial epicenters and institutions (Henry, 2011;Khumalo, McKay, & Freimund, 2015). Similiarly, there were several elements of paternal leadership throughout each participant's story in this qualitative study.…”

Section: Family Experiences Informed Self-beliefs As Leadersmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…"It is widely assumed that the point of departure in the empowerment process is a position of human misery, whether it is termed powerlessness, oppression, or deprivation" (Carr, 2003, p. 13). Feminists and empowerment theorists have deliberated this positionality as a derivative of either socioeconomic (Elson, 1999) or psychological factors (Khumalo, Haddix-McKay, & Freimund, 2015). Since both agree on the significance of each factor in the lives of women, the majority of these thinkers have asserted the barriers to empowerment and sources of marginalization are principally political and external (Diekman, Eagly, & Kulesa, 2002) and not psychological and internal (Botchway, 2001;Perkins & Zimmerman, 1995;Robbins, Crino, & Fredenall, 2002).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on women in the workforce, specifically women attaining positions of power and leadership in the financial industry, have indicated that advanced capitalist societies have institutionalized the assumptions of the gender division of labor between men and women, positioning women at a disadvantage (Min-Toh & Leonardelli, 2013;Roth, 2007;Roth, 2008;Ruppanner, 2010). Due to the cultural assumptions that a woman's life focus should be on childrearing, family, and domestic duties, women working in the financial industry are predisposed to stricter bias, scrutiny, unequal pay, and inequitable access to power (Henry, 2011;Khumalo, McKay, & Freimund, 2015;Marphatia & Moussie, 2013). Accordingly, gender assumptions on women's role to care for family and housework substantiated by gendered discrimination towards pregnancy and motherhood in high-stress, high-demand financial institutions often enable men to dominate and navigate the organizational hierarchy order easier to become leaders (Marphatia & Moussie, 2013;Roth, 2007).…”

Section: Diversity and Cultural Constraints In The Work Placementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These research findings were consistent with previous research that argued the finance industry's male dominated environment has institutionalized the assumptions of the gender division of labor between men and women, positioning women at a disadvantage (Min-Toh & Leonardelli, 2013;Roth, 2007Roth, , 2008Ruppanner, 2010). Due to the cultural assumptions that a woman's life focus should be on childrearing, family, and domestic duties, women working in the financial industry are predisposed to stricter bias, scrutiny, unequal pay, and inequitable access to power compared to men (Fisher, 2012;Henry, 2011;Khumalo, McKay, & Freimund, 2015;Marphatia & Moussie, 2013;Min-Toh & Leonardelli, 2013;Roth, 2007;Roth, 2008;Ruppanner, 2010). In regards to childrearing and domestic duties, two of the four participants in this qualitative study were wives and mothers, the remaining two participants were single with no children.…”

Section: Support Strengths Net Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

From the apron to the cape : examining the experiences of women who rise to leadership positions on Wall Street

Sampieri¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Historically, women in leadership positions at top Wall Street firms had to overcome much adversity to advance within a predominantly male-dominated culture. Wall Street, also known as the old boy's club, principally catered to White males. Women that tried to operate within this old boy's network were particularly harassed and discriminated against. Beginning around the late 1970s and early 1980s, women who entered top Wall Street firms found positions as receptionists, secretaries, assistants, and low-level administrators. As women struggled to advance up the corporate ladder, they were confronted by much resistance from the hierarchical male-dominated culture. Some women quit and filed lawsuits, while the women who stayed were determined to overcome gender-bias to rise to leadership positions. Their perceptions and understanding of their organizational setting generated new ideas of women in leadership; they shared knowledge, told their stories, and inspired one another. This research study examined the experiences women in the financial industry encountered on their pathways to becoming leaders in a male-dominated culture. This dissertation presents a narrative study on a group of women in leadership positions within the financial industry conversing about their pathways into leadership, learning about their motivating factors, and discovering how they became change agents in leadership.

show abstract