Who is who in cardiovascular research? What a review of Nobel Prize nominations reveals about scientific trends

Drobietz, Marie; Loerbroks, Adrian; Hansson, Nils

doi:10.1007/s00392-021-01813-2

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We are also examining whether nationality or shared institutional affiliations are correlated with success for the NPch. Such relationships have been reported in the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine data [25,58,59] …”

Section: Further Discussion and Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry^†

Seeman

Restrepo

2023

Chemistry A European J

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The solicitation of nominations for the Nobel Prizes in Chemistry (NPch) is and has been the first step in the selection process since the very first awards were made in 1901. The number of nominations solicited by and provided to the Nobel Committee for Chemistry supports the belief by the nominators that their nominations are meaningful. In this publication, we examine data culled from the Nobel Prize Nomination Archives for the period 1901–1970 of the variable role of nominations in the selection process for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The evidence is overwhelming that nominations, in general, during the 1901–1970 period have not been the deciding, overriding factor in the selection of the recipients of the NPch. Rather, we posit that nominations from the preselected nominator‐pool have been a source of information for the Committee, used to suggest future years’ contenders and possibly served as motivation for the Committee to seek nominations for specific nominees for future years. It is also clear that selections are often influenced by personal prejudices, for example, friendships, rivalries, and nationality.

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Section: Further Discussion and Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry^†

Seeman

Restrepo

2023

Chemistry A European J

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“…We only present the formation for welfare maximization. 4 We assume that there is an ordering of the agents based on their identities. We define B(k, u, m) as the maximum expected agents' welfare under the following conditions:…”

Section: Nonexcludable Public Project Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If we give out the free part if and only if I(d v) = 1, then the mechanism is not strategy-proof, because the free parts change the agents' strategies. 4 Instead, we give agent i her free part if and only if I(dv −i ) = 1. That is, agent i gets her free part if and only if the other agents can successfully cost share the non-free part without i.…”

Section: Single Deadline Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning Approaches to Automated Mechanism Design for Public Project Problem

Wang¹

2022

Preprint

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Mechanism design is a central research branch in microeconomics. An effective mechanism can significantly improve performance and efficiency of social decisions under desired objectives, such as to maximize social welfare or to maximize revenue for agents.However, mechanism design is challenging for many common models including the public project problem model which we study in this thesis. A typical public project problem is a group of agents crowdfunding a public project (e.g., building a bridge).The mechanism will decide the payment and allocation for each agent (e.g., how much the agent pays, and whether the agent can use it) according to their valuations. The mechanism can be applied to various economic scenarios, including those related to cyber security. There are different constraints and optimized objectives for different public project scenarios (sub-problems), making it unrealistic to design a universal mechanism that fits all scenarios, and designing mechanisms for different settings manually is a taxing job. Therefore, we explore automated mechanism design (AMD) (Sandholm, 2003) of public project problems under different constraints.In this thesis, we focus on the public project problem, which includes many subproblems (excludable/non-excludable, divisible/indivisible, binary/non-binary). We study the classical public project model and extend this model to other related areas such as the zero-day exploit markets. For different sub-problems of the public project problem, we adopt different novel machine learning techniques to design optimal or near-optimal mechanisms via automated mechanism design. xii We evaluate our mechanisms by theoretical analysis or experimentally comparing our mechanisms against existing mechanisms. The experiments and theoretical results show that our mechanisms are better than state-of-the-art automated or manual mechanisms. xiii List of Abbreviations AMD Automated mechanism design GAN Generative adversarial network with him in these three years. I very much appreciate his help. When I stock in no research inspiration, he can always figure it out and find a suitable way for me to solve the problems. Mingyu is a humble scholar. His research foresight and research inspiration is lifelong treasure for me. I would thank Dr. Wei Zhang, and professor Muhammad Ali Babar. They provide some suggestions and comments that helped me to significantly improve the content of this thesis and papers. And from my Ph.D. role, I also thank my collaborators, lab meta, and my friends for the help with the papers. I would like to mention Ba-Dung Le, Runqi Guo, Yuko Sakurai, Wuli Zuo, Xie Yue, Zhigang Lu for many useful discussions. My study area is not a hot area in this university. Thanks, you give me many useful discussions. Good luck to you in the future. And I will thank Wuli Zuo for checking and correcting my grammar mistakes. I also want to thank my parents and my grandparents for financially supporting me during my Ph.D. study. And because of Covid-19, it is a hard time to connect you only o...

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“…Seit 1901 wird der Nobelpreis jährlich an diejenigen vergeben, die – so Alfred Nobel in seinem Testament – „im verflossenen Jahr der Menschheit den größten Nutzen geleistet haben“ [ 1 ]. Die Auszeichnung verfügt über eine international einzigartige Reputation [ 2 ]. Dieser Beitrag reiht sich ein in ein Forschungsprojekt, das über die Laureaten in der Preiskategorie „Physiologie oder Medizin“ hinausgeht und deutsche Pathologen auflistet, die teils zwar mehrfach, zumeist aber vergeblich für den Preis nominiert wurden.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Franz Büchners Hypoxieforschung aus der Kriegszeit und der Nobelpreis

Malik¹,

Baumann²,

Fangerau³

et al. 2022

Pathologie

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Im Zeitraum zwischen 1901 und 1953 wurden insgesamt 5110 Personen für den Nobelpreis in der Kategorie „Physiologie oder Medizin“ nominiert. Dieser Zeitraum umspannt beide Weltkriege und berührt die Frage nach dem Umgang der Nobelkomitees mit deutschen Preiskandidaten. Ziel der Arbeit Anhand der Nobelpreisnominierung des deutschen Pathologen Franz Büchner soll dargestellt werden, inwieweit es für die Preisvergabe eine Rolle spielte, wenn auszuzeichnende Forschungsergebnisse teilweise in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus gewonnen worden waren. Flankiert wird dieser Artikel von einer Übersicht sämtlicher Pathologen aus Deutschland, die in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts für den Nobelpreis nominiert wurden. Material und Methoden Ausgewertet wurden Daten des Nominierungsarchivs in Stockholm sowie Nominierungsbriefe und Gutachten des Nobelkomitees (Nobelarchiv). Die Nominierung Franz Büchners wird als Beispiel näher beleuchtet, weil die Nominatoren ihren Vorschlag mit hier nachverfolgten Publikationen Büchners begründeten, die teils aus der NS-Zeit stammen. Ergebnisse und Diskussion Franz Büchner wurde 1963 von drei Müsteraner Professoren nominiert. Beide Bereiche, für die er ausgezeichnet werden sollte, betrafen seine Forschung über den Einfluss von Sauerstoffmangel auf die Funktion und Entwicklung des menschlichen Organismus. Letztlich wurden Büchners Leistungen als nicht nobelpreiswürdig eingestuft. Seine Rolle als Militärforscher während des Nationalsozialismus und das in diesem Zeitraum erworbene Wissen über Hypoxie scheinen keine negative Auswirkung auf das Nobelpreisgutachten gehabt zu haben.

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Who is who in cardiovascular research? What a review of Nobel Prize nominations reveals about scientific trends

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry^†

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry^†

Machine Learning Approaches to Automated Mechanism Design for Public Project Problem

Franz Büchners Hypoxieforschung aus der Kriegszeit und der Nobelpreis

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Who is who in cardiovascular research? What a review of Nobel Prize nominations reveals about scientific trends

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry†

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry†

Machine Learning Approaches to Automated Mechanism Design for Public Project Problem

Franz Büchners Hypoxieforschung aus der Kriegszeit und der Nobelpreis

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The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry^†

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry^†